[Tex/LaTex] Multipart nodes with multipart subparts — style issue

nodestikz-pgftikz-treestrees

I want to typeset multipart nodes that have multipart sub parts — similar to the following diagram (from Miller and Ranum)

Tree with multipart nodes

I have tried using TikZ horizontal split rectangles inside vertical split rectangles with the following example LaTeX

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[parfill]{parskip}
\usepackage{cmbright}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/rectangle split parts=10}
\newlength{\MMtextNodeWidth}
\newcommand{\MMsetTextNodeWidth}[1]{%
  \settowidth{\MMtextNodeWidth}{#1}%
}
\begin{document}
  
{% \normalsize
\large
\MMsetTextNodeWidth{99}

\begin{tikzpicture}
  [myRectangleVSplit/.style={rectangle split
        ,rectangle split horizontal=false
        ,draw=black,thin,
        % ,inner sep=0pt 
        ,rectangle split ignore empty parts
       } % requires library shapes.multipart
   ,myRectangleHSplit/.style={rectangle split
        ,rectangle split horizontal
        ,draw=black,thin
        % ,inner sep=0.3333em 
        % ,outer sep=-0.3333em  % did not appear to do anything
        ,rectangle split part align={center,base} 
        ,rectangle split ignore empty parts
       } % requires library shapes.multipart
   ,edge from parent/.style={draw,thick,red,-triangle 60}
   % ,edge from parent fork down
   ,mySingleItem/.style={rectangle,draw=black,thin}
   ,level distance=6\MMtextNodeWidth
   ,level 1/.style={sibling distance=12\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 2/.style={sibling distance=6\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 3/.style={sibling distance=3\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 4/.style={sibling distance=2\MMtextNodeWidth} 
  ]
  
  \node[myRectangleVSplit,label=above:A] (nodeA)
    {rootnode\nodepart{two}\begin{tikzpicture}%
      \node[myRectangleHSplit] (nodeA2)
        {child1\nodepart{two}child2};
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }
    child {node[myRectangleVSplit,label=left:B] (nodeB)
     {node1\nodepart{two}
       \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[myRectangleHSplit] (nodeB2)
          {child1\nodepart{two}child2\nodepart{three}child3};
       \end{tikzpicture}
     }
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:D] (nodeD) {node3}}
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:E] (nodeE) {node4}}
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:F] (nodeF) {node5}}
    }
    child {node[myRectangleVSplit,label=right:C] (nodeC) 
      {node2\nodepart{two}child1}
      child {node[mySingleItem,label=right:G] (nodeG) {node6}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}
}% end size

\end{document}

The above LaTeX results in

Result of above LaTeX

As you can see, the spacing in nodes with multipart sub parts (nodes A and B in my diagram) leaves a separation that is unwanted — I don't think you can alter the inner sep for just one part (TikZ manual page 451) and even if we got rid of that, the line thickness would be double in parts. Is there a better strategy here ? It looks like an obvious problem but I haven't seen something similar elsewhere.

Version 2

Instead of trying to use TikZ multi part shapes, here is a version using tables. The table line width \arrayrulewidth is 0.4pt which is the same as the TikZ thin line width. The nodes with the tables have inner sep set to 0pt so that the arrows meet the table boundary. Is this the right way to do this sort of diagram and could the arrows to nodes D and F be improved — could the start of those arrows be shifted to start nearer the appropriate child1 and child3 in node B

Here is the code:

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[parfill]{parskip}
\usepackage{bigstrut}
\usepackage{cmbright}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/rectangle split parts=10}
\newlength{\MMtextNodeWidth}
\newcommand{\MMsetTextNodeWidth}[1]{%
  \settowidth{\MMtextNodeWidth}{#1}%
}
\begin{document}
  
{% \normalsize
\large
\MMsetTextNodeWidth{99}

\begin{tikzpicture}
  [myTabularNode/.style={rectangle,inner sep=0pt}
   ,mySingleItem/.style={rectangle,draw=black,thin}
   ,edge from parent/.style={draw,thick,red,-triangle 60}
   % ,edge from parent fork down
   ,level distance=6\MMtextNodeWidth
   ,level 1/.style={sibling distance=12\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 2/.style={sibling distance=6\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 3/.style={sibling distance=3\MMtextNodeWidth} 
   ,level 4/.style={sibling distance=2\MMtextNodeWidth} 
  ]  
  \node[myTabularNode,label=above:A] (nodeA)
    {\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
      \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{rootnode\bigstrut} \\ \hline
       \bigstrut child1 & child2 \\ \hline 
    \end{tabular}
    }
    child {node[myTabularNode,label=left:B] (nodeB)
     {\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
       \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{node1\bigstrut} \\ \hline
     \bigstrut child1 & child2 & child3 \\ \hline 
     \end{tabular}
     }
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:D] (nodeD) {node3\bigstrut}}
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:E] (nodeE) {node4\bigstrut}}
     child {node[mySingleItem,label=left:F] (nodeF) {node5\bigstrut}}
    }
    child {node[myTabularNode,label=right:C] (nodeC) 
      {\begin{tabular}{|c|} \hline
       node2\bigstrut \\ \hline
       child1\bigstrut \\ \hline 
      \end{tabular}
      }
      child {node[mySingleItem,label=right:G] (nodeG) {node6\bigstrut}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}
}% end size

\end{document}

and here is the resulting output:

Multipart nodes version 2

Best Answer

The posted code no longer works for me, so I played around to create a forest solution, which can also automatise things a bit (in case you have a large tree or many such trees!).

Rather than using tabular environments, this solution uses the edge path to simulate multi-part nodes/tabulars. The solution should, hopefully, work for any number of cells on the second row.

The code does make a few assumptions:

the 'tabulars' have exactly 2 rows;
the first row/upper part consists of a single cell;
the text in the first row/upper part is not excessively long relative to the total width of the second row/lower part;
the second row/lower part consists of 1+ cells of approximately the same height;
the elements of the 'tabulars'/multi-part nodes are entered as nodes, with one cell/part per node, and the style my tabular is applied to the node corresponding to the first row/upper part.

For example, if a tabular/multi-part node consists of an upper row/part containing upper and a lower row/part containing lower 1, lower 2 and lower 3, then, using the standard bracket syntax for trees, this would be entered as

[upper, my tabular [lower 1] [lower 2] [lower 3]]

forest will then figure out where to draw the lines.

forest in parts

Slight adjustments are required in this example to allow room for the labels applied to the inner terminal nodes. This is done by adding 10pt to the distance between their parents.

\documentclass[tikz, mult, varwidth, border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\standaloneenv{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,calc}
\begin{document}
  \forestset{
    my tabular/.style={
      for children={
        if={equal(n_children("!u"),1)}{
          edge path={
            \noexpand\path [draw, \forestoption{edge}] (!u.north -| .north west) rectangle (.south east) (!u.south -| .north west) -- (!u.south -| .south east)\forestoption{edge label};
          },
        }{
          if={equal(n_children("!u"),2)}{
            edge path={
              \noexpand\path [draw, \forestoption{edge}] (!u.north -| !u1.west) -| (!u.south -| !ul.east) -| cycle (!u.south -| !ul.east) |- (!u1.south west) |- cycle (!u.south) -- (!u.south |- !ul.south)\forestoption{edge label};
            },
          }{
            if n=1{
              edge path={
                \noexpand\path [draw, \forestoption{edge}] (!u.north -| !u1.west) rectangle (!ul.south east) (!u.south -| !ul.east) -- (!u.south -| !u1.west)\forestoption{edge label} (!u.south -| {$(.east)!1/2!(!n.west)$}) |- (.south);
              },
            }{
              edge path={
                \noexpand\path [draw, \forestoption{edge}] (!u.south -| {$(.west)!1/2!(!p.east)$}) |- (.south)\forestoption{edge label};
              },
            },
          },
        },
        before computing xy={
          l=15pt,
        },
        before typesetting nodes={
          if={equal(n_children("!u"),2)}{
            if n=1{
              append={[, phantom]},
            }{
              if n'=1{
                prepend={[, phantom]},
              }{},
            },
          }{},
        },
      },
    },
  }
  \begin{forest}
    /tikz/every label/.append style={font=\sffamily\large},
    /tikz/every node/.append style={font=\sffamily\large},
    for tree={
      if n children=0{
        draw,
      }{},
      edge path={
        \noexpand\path [draw, -{Triangle[angle=60:1pt 3]}, thick, red] (!u.parent anchor) -- (.child anchor)\forestoption{edge label};
      },
      font=\sffamily\large,
    }
    [root node, my tabular, label={above:A}
      [child 1
        [node 1, my tabular, s sep+=10pt
          [child 1, edge label={node [at end, left] {B}}
            [node 3, label={left:D}
            ]
          ]
          [child 2
            [node 4, label={left:E}
            ]
          ]
          [child 3
            [node 5, label={left:F}
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      [child 2
        [node 2, my tabular
          [child 1, edge label={node [at end, right] {C}}
          [node 6, label={right:G}
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  \end{forest}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

The source of the difficulty is that ellipses are constructed in a particular way in TikZ. They are paths that start from the x-axis and proceed counter-clockwise around their centre. The vast majority of the time, the exact parametrisation doesn't matter. You appear to have found the one situation where it does!

In the actual question, you only want to be able to mirror the ellipse, and so draw it starting from the negative x-axis (the title of the question suggests a more flexible approach). That's actually not too hard since we can exploit the symmetry of the ellipse. The key is to provide it with a negative x-radius, since then it will start from the negative x-axis (and proceed clockwise, but we could correct for that by negating the y-radius as well). To do this, we interrupt the call from the node shape to the drawing command and flip the sign of the x-radius. The simplest way to do this is to redefine the \pgfpathellipse macro to do the negation and then call the original macro. The following code does this.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,shapes,decorations.markings}
\makeatletter
\let\origpgfpathellipse=\pgfpathellipse
\def\revpgfpathellipse#1#2#3{%
  #2%
  \pgf@xa=-\pgf@x
  \origpgfpathellipse{#1}{\pgfqpoint{\pgf@xa}{0pt}}{#3}}
\makeatother

\tikzset{
  reversed ellipse/.style={
    ellipse,
    reverse the ellipse%
  },
  reverse the ellipse/.code={
    \let\pgfpathellipse=\revpgfpathellipse
  }
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,0) {hello world};

\node[reversed ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,-2) {hello world};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Here's the result:

rotated ellipse

(the arrow got clipped, but you can see where it lies)

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

I don't really get the question so I hope this is what you wanted. If you include a full document (such that we copy paste and see the problem on our systems) things are much more easier.

Here, you can change the default setting within a scope but your block style had a node distance which was resetting every time it is issued. I've made it 2mm such that we can see the difference easier.

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes.geometric,positioning}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[decision/.style={diamond, draw, text width=4.5em, text badly centered, node distance=3.5cm, inner sep=0pt},
                    block/.style   ={rectangle, draw, text width=6em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em, minimum height=2em},
                    cloud/.style   ={draw, ellipse, minimum height=2em},
                    line/.style    ={draw,-latex'},
                    node distance = 1cm, 
                    auto]
    \node [block] (1st) {1st};
    \node [block, right= of 1st]  (2nd1) {2nd1};
\begin{scope}[node distance=2mm and 10mm]%Here we change it for everything inside this scope
    \node [block, above= of 2nd1] (2nd2) {2nd2};
    \node [block, below= of 2nd1] (2nd3) {2nd3};
    \node [block, right= of 2nd1] (3rd1) {3rd1};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd1] (3rd2) {3rd2};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd2] (3rd3) {3rd3};
\end{scope}
    \node [block, below= of 3rd1] (3rd4) {3rd4};
    \node [block, below= of 3rd4] (3rd5) {3rd5};

    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd2);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd3);
    \path [line] (2nd2) -- (3rd3);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (3rd1);
    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Version 2

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

Related Question