TikZ-PGF – How to Draw Complex Diagrams for Professional Presentations

diagramstikz-pgf

How would I draw the following diagram?

Please can you put $\epsilon$ on the left rather than the right.

The best I can do is:

\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm, on grid]
  \tikzset{
    mynode/.style = {circle,draw,minimum width=8mm,inner sep=0pt},
    > = {Stealth[scale=1.5]}
  }
  \node [mynode] (A1) {S};
  \node [mynode,right=of A1] (B1) {I_1};
  \node [mynode,right=of B1] (C1) {I_2};
  \node [mynode,right=of C1] (D1) {J};
  \draw [<-] (A1) -- ++(-1,0) node[left] {$\mu$};
  \draw [->] (A1) -- node[above] {$\beta$} (B1);
  \draw [->] (B1) -- node[above] {$\sigma$} (C1);
  \draw [->] (C1) -- node[above] {$\gamma$} (D1);
  \draw [->] (A1) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu$};
  \draw [->] (B1) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu$};
  \draw [->] (C1) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu$};
  \draw [->] (D1) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu$};
  \draw [->] (D1) to[out=135,in=45] node[above] {$\xi$} (A1);
\end{tikzpicture}

This is what I'm looking for:

\documentclass[border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 11mm and 33mm,
     N/.style = {draw, minimum size=12mm, inner sep=0pt},
            > = {Stealth[scale=0.8]},
 every edge/.append style = {draw, ->},
every edge quotes/.append style = {font=\small\linespread{0.63}\selectfont,
                                   inner sep=5pt, sloped}
                        ]
\node [N] (A) {$S$};
\node [N,above right=of A] (B) {$I_1$};
\node [N,below right=of A] (C) {$I_2$};
\node [N,above right=of C] (D) {$J$};
\node [N,right=of D] (E)  {$A$};
%
\draw [<-] (A) -- ++(-1,0) node[left] {$\mu$};
\draw [->] (A) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu S$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=3mm] B.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\nu I_1$};
\draw [->] (C) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu I_2$};
\draw [->] (D) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\nu J$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=-3.5mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\nu \alpha$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=+3.5mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\nu A$};
%
\draw   ([yshift=+1mm] A.east)
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "$\begin{gathered}
                        p\beta_1 I_1\\
                        q\beta_2 JS\\
                        r\beta_3 AS
                    \end{gathered}$"] (B.west)
        ([yshift=-1mm] A.east)
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "$\begin{gathered}
                        (1-p)\beta_2 I_1\\
                        (1-q)\beta_2 JS\\
                        (1-r)\beta_3 AS
                    \end{gathered}$" '] (C.west)
        (B) edge ["$\epsilon I_1$"] (C)
        (D.west) edge ["$\xi_1 J$"  ] ( B.east)
        ( C.east) edge ["$p_1 I_2$"  ] (D.west)
        ([yshift=-2mm] D.west) edge ["$\xi_2 J$" '] ([yshift=-2mm] C.east)
    (D) edge ["$p_2 J$"] (E);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

How do I flip the $\epsilon I_1$ so it reads left to right rather than on the side?

Best Answer

Well, your MWE is not very close to what you like to have. So, since you are novice to site as well to LaTeX/TikZ, the following MWE can serve as starting point to desired solution:

\documentclass[border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes}
                
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 11mm and 22mm,
     N/.style = {draw, minimum size=12mm, inner sep=0pt},
            > = {Stealth[scale=0.8]},
 every edge/.append style = {draw, ->, inner sep=5pt, sloped}
                        ]
\node [N] (A) {$S$};
\node [N,above right=of A] (B) {$I_1$};
\node [N,below right=of A] (C) {$I_2$};
\node [N,above right=of C] (D) {$J$};
\node [N,right=of D] (E)  {$A$};
%
\draw [<-] (A) -- ++(-1,0) node[left] {$\mu$};
\draw [->] (A) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu_s$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=3mm] B.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I_1$};
\draw [->] (C) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu I_2$};
\draw [->] (D) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu I$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=-3mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=+3mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I$};
%
\draw   ([yshift=+1mm] A.east) 
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "${x,y,z}$" sloped] (B.west)
        ([yshift=-1mm] A.east) 
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "${x',y',z'}$" sloped] (C.west)
        (B) edge ["$\sigma$"] (C)
        (B.east) edge ["$???$"  ] ([yshift=+1mm] D.west)
        ( C.east) edge ["$???$"  ] (D.west)
        ([yshift=-2mm] D.west) edge ["$???$" '] ([yshift=-2mm] C.east)
    (D) edge ["$???$"] (E);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Addendum Still as starting point ... I still don't know, what are your edge labels. Anyway, from you comment I guess that from node S to nodes I_1 and I_2 are as shows the following image:

For this I made in the first MWE the following changes:

load package amsmath
increase distances between nodes
very long edge labels write in three lines by use of the gathered environment

\documentclass[border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                positioning,
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 11mm and 33mm,
     N/.style = {draw, minimum size=12mm, inner sep=0pt},
            > = {Stealth[scale=0.8]},
 every edge/.append style = {draw, ->},
every edge quotes/.append style = {font=\small\linespread{0.63}\selectfont,
                                   inner sep=5pt, sloped}
                        ]
\node [N] (A) {$S$};
\node [N,above right=of A] (B) {$I_1$};
\node [N,below right=of A] (C) {$I_2$};
\node [N,above right=of C] (D) {$J$};
\node [N,right=of D] (E)  {$A$};
%
\draw [<-] (A) -- ++(-1,0) node[left] {$\mu$};
\draw [->] (A) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu_s$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=3mm] B.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I_1$};
\draw [->] (C) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu I_2$};
\draw [->] (D) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$\mu I$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=-3mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I$};
\draw [->] ([xshift=+3mm] E.south) -- ++(0,-0.4) node[below] {$\mu I$};
%
\draw   ([yshift=+1mm] A.east)
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "$\begin{gathered}
                        p\beta_1 I_1\\
                        q\beta_2 JS\\
                        r\beta_3 AS
                    \end{gathered}$"] (B.west)
        ([yshift=-1mm] A.east)
            edge [ultra thick, draw=gray,"\slash\slash\slash" anchor=center,
                  "$\begin{gathered}
                        (1-p)\beta_2 I_1\\
                        (1-q)\beta_2 JS\\
                        (1-r)\beta_3 AS
                    \end{gathered}$" '] (C.west)
        (B) edge ["$\sigma$"] (C)
        (B.east) edge ["$???$"  ] ([yshift=+1mm] D.west)
        ( C.east) edge ["$???$"  ] (D.west)
        ([yshift=-2mm] D.west) edge ["$???$" '] ([yshift=-2mm] C.east)
    (D) edge ["$???$"] (E);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

If you more prefer three lines between nodes S and I_1, I_2, please consider other answer.

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

The source of the difficulty is that ellipses are constructed in a particular way in TikZ. They are paths that start from the x-axis and proceed counter-clockwise around their centre. The vast majority of the time, the exact parametrisation doesn't matter. You appear to have found the one situation where it does!

In the actual question, you only want to be able to mirror the ellipse, and so draw it starting from the negative x-axis (the title of the question suggests a more flexible approach). That's actually not too hard since we can exploit the symmetry of the ellipse. The key is to provide it with a negative x-radius, since then it will start from the negative x-axis (and proceed clockwise, but we could correct for that by negating the y-radius as well). To do this, we interrupt the call from the node shape to the drawing command and flip the sign of the x-radius. The simplest way to do this is to redefine the \pgfpathellipse macro to do the negation and then call the original macro. The following code does this.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,shapes,decorations.markings}
\makeatletter
\let\origpgfpathellipse=\pgfpathellipse
\def\revpgfpathellipse#1#2#3{%
  #2%
  \pgf@xa=-\pgf@x
  \origpgfpathellipse{#1}{\pgfqpoint{\pgf@xa}{0pt}}{#3}}
\makeatother

\tikzset{
  reversed ellipse/.style={
    ellipse,
    reverse the ellipse%
  },
  reverse the ellipse/.code={
    \let\pgfpathellipse=\revpgfpathellipse
  }
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,0) {hello world};

\node[reversed ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,-2) {hello world};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Here's the result:

rotated ellipse

(the arrow got clipped, but you can see where it lies)

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

I don't really get the question so I hope this is what you wanted. If you include a full document (such that we copy paste and see the problem on our systems) things are much more easier.

Here, you can change the default setting within a scope but your block style had a node distance which was resetting every time it is issued. I've made it 2mm such that we can see the difference easier.

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes.geometric,positioning}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[decision/.style={diamond, draw, text width=4.5em, text badly centered, node distance=3.5cm, inner sep=0pt},
                    block/.style   ={rectangle, draw, text width=6em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em, minimum height=2em},
                    cloud/.style   ={draw, ellipse, minimum height=2em},
                    line/.style    ={draw,-latex'},
                    node distance = 1cm, 
                    auto]
    \node [block] (1st) {1st};
    \node [block, right= of 1st]  (2nd1) {2nd1};
\begin{scope}[node distance=2mm and 10mm]%Here we change it for everything inside this scope
    \node [block, above= of 2nd1] (2nd2) {2nd2};
    \node [block, below= of 2nd1] (2nd3) {2nd3};
    \node [block, right= of 2nd1] (3rd1) {3rd1};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd1] (3rd2) {3rd2};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd2] (3rd3) {3rd3};
\end{scope}
    \node [block, below= of 3rd1] (3rd4) {3rd4};
    \node [block, below= of 3rd4] (3rd5) {3rd5};

    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd2);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd3);
    \path [line] (2nd2) -- (3rd3);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (3rd1);
    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

Related Question