[Tex/LaTex] Tikz flow chart questions

positioningtikz-pgf

I am totally new to the package tikz but I am going to make a flow chart for my poster. I used the template provided by this link

I just modify some parts I can understand and the source code is

                % Author: Rasmus Pank Roulund
    \documentclass{minimal}
    \usepackage{tikz}
    \usetikzlibrary{calc,trees,positioning,arrows,chains,shapes.geometric,%
            decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.pathmorphing,shapes,%
            matrix,shapes.symbols}

    \tikzset{
    >=stealth',
        punktchain/.style={
            rectangle, 
            rounded corners, 
            % fill=black!10,
            draw=black, very thick,
            text width=10em, 
            minimum height=3em, 
            text centered, 
            on chain},
        line/.style={draw, thick, <-},
        element/.style={
            tape,
            top color=white,
            bottom color=blue!50!black!60!,
            minimum width=8em,
            draw=blue!40!black!90, very thick,
            text width=10em, 
            minimum height=3.5em, 
            text centered, 
            on chain},
        every join/.style={->, thick,shorten >=1pt},
        decoration={brace},
        tuborg/.style={decorate},
        tubnode/.style={midway, right=2pt},
    }
    \begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        [node distance=.8cm,
        start chain=going below,]
             \node[punktchain, join] (intro) {Raw Signal};
             \node[punktchain, join] (probf)      {Pre-pro1};
             \node[punktchain, join] (investeringer)      {pre-pro2};
             \node[punktchain, join] (perfekt) {feature extract};
             \node[punktchain, join, ] (emperi) {model fitting};

  \node[punktchain, join,] (disk) {training};
        \node[punktchain, join,] (makro) {testing};
        \node (asym) [punktchain ]  {Abnormal};

                \begin{scope}[start branch=venstre,
                    %We need to redefine the join-style to have the -> turn out right
                    every join/.style={-, thick, shorten <=1pt}, ]
                \end{scope}
                \begin{scope}[start branch=hoejre,]
                \node (finans) [punktchain, on chain=going right] {Normal };
             \end{scope}

        % Now that we have finished the main figure let us add some "after-drawings"
        %% First, let us connect (finans) with (disk). We want it to have
        %% square corners.
        %\draw[|-,-|,->, thick,] (finans.south) |-+(0,-1em)-| (disk.north);
        % Now, let us add some braches. 
        %% No. 1

        %% No. 2
        \draw[tuborg, decoration={brace}] let \p1=(disk.north), \p2=(makro.south) in
            ($(2, \y1)$) -- ($(2, \y2)$) node[tubnode] {Classification};
        %% No. 3
        \draw[tuborg, decoration={brace}] let \p1=(perfekt.north), \p2=(emperi.south) in
            ($(2, \y1)$) -- ($(2, \y2)$) node[tubnode] {Feature Selection};
            \draw[tuborg, decoration={brace}] let \p1=(probf.north), \p2=(investeringer.south) in
            ($(2, \y1)$) -- ($(2, \y2)$) node[tubnode] {Data Preprocessing};

        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}
    %%% Local Variables: 
    %%% mode: latex
    %%% TeX-master: t
    %%% End:

And the output is enter image description here

Here are something I would like;

Centered the two boxes (normal) (abnormal)
Arrows from the upper boxes to (normal) and (abnormal)
Place box (training) and (testing) horizontally without arrow.
Other suggestions make it look professional: like color …

I draw a picture by hands to make my idea clear. Thanks.

enter image description here

Best Answer

I had to do something similar myself so it was a good exercise.

Tikz experts will find more elegant code I'm sure, but based on the example http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/labs-schema/ this is what I've achieved: enter image description here

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows,arrows,positioning}
% Define the layers to draw the diagram
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfdeclarelayer{foreground}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main,foreground}

% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{materia}=[draw, fill=blue!20, text width=6.0em, text centered,
  minimum height=1.5em,drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{etape} = [materia, text width=8em, minimum width=10em,
  minimum height=3em, rounded corners, drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{texto} = [above, text width=6em, text centered]
\tikzstyle{linepart} = [draw, thick, color=black!50, -latex', dashed]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, thick, color=black!50, -latex']
\tikzstyle{ur}=[draw, text centered, minimum height=0.01em]

% Define distances for bordering
\newcommand{\blockdist}{1.3}
\newcommand{\edgedist}{1.5}

\newcommand{\etape}[2]{node (p#1) [etape]
  {#2}}

% Draw background
\newcommand{\background}[5]{%
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
    % Left-top corner of the background rectangle
    \path (#1.west |- #2.north)+(-0.5,0.25) node (a1) {};
    % Right-bottom corner of the background rectanle
    \path (#3.east |- #4.south)+(+0.5,-0.25) node (a2) {};
    % Draw the background
    \path[fill=yellow!20,rounded corners, draw=black!50, dashed]
      (a1) rectangle (a2);
      \path (#3.east |- #2.north)+(0,0.25)--(#1.west |- #2.north) node[midway] (#5-n) {};
      \path (#3.east |- #2.south)+(0,-0.35)--(#1.west |- #2.south) node[midway] (#5-s) {};
      \path (#3.east |- #2.north)+(0.7,0)--(#3.east |- #4.south) node[midway] (#5-w) {};
  \end{pgfonlayer}}

\newcommand{\transreceptor}[3]{%
  \path [linepart] (#1.east) -- node [above]
    {\scriptsize #2} (#3);}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7,transform shape]

  % Draw diagram elements
  \path \etape{1}{Raw signal};

  \path (p1.south)+(0.0,-1.5) \etape{2}{Pre-1};
  \path (p2.south)+(0.0,-1.0) \etape{3}{Pre-2};

  \path (p3.south)+(0.0,-1.5) \etape{4}{Feature extract};
  \path (p4.south)+(0.0,-1.0) \etape{5}{Model fitting};

  \path (p5.south)+(-3.0,-2.0) \etape{6}{training};
  \path (p5.south)+(3.0,-2.0) \etape{7}{testing};
  \node [below=of p5] (p6-7) {};

  \path (p6.south)+(0.0,-2.0) \etape{8}{normal};
  \path (p7.south)+(0.0,-2.0) \etape{9}{abnormal};
  \node [below=of p6-7] (p8-9) {};

  % Draw arrows between elements
  \path [line] (p1.south) -- node [above] {} (p2);
  \path [line] (p2.south) -- node [above] {} (p3);
  \path [line] (p3.south) -- node [above] {} (p4);
  \path [line] (p4.south) -- node [above] {} (p5);

  \background{p2}{p2}{p3}{p3}{bk1}
  \background{p4}{p4}{p5}{p5}{bk2}
  \background{p6}{p6}{p7}{p7}{bk3}

  \path [line] (p5.south) -- node [above] {} (bk3-n);
  \path [line] (bk3-s) -- node [above] {} (p8);
  \path [line] (bk3-s) -- node [above] {} (p9);
  \path (bk1-w)+(+6.0,0) node (ur1)[ur] {};
  \path (bk2-w)+(+6.0,0) node (ur2)[ur] {};
  \path (bk3-w)+(+3.0,0) node (ur3)[ur] {};
  \transreceptor{bk1-w}{pre processing}{ur1};
  \transreceptor{bk2-w}{Feature selection}{ur2};
  \transreceptor{bk3-w}{classification}{ur3};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] TikZ: Cropping the Bounding Box

The code adds some completely useless invisible (or rather white) stuff. The lines

\clip(0pt,403pt) -- (389.957pt,403pt) -- (389.957pt,99.6166pt) -- (0pt,99.6166pt) -- (0pt,403pt);
\color[rgb]{1,1,1}
\fill(3.76406pt,399.236pt) -- (380.923pt,399.236pt) -- (380.923pt,253.19pt) -- (3.76406pt,253.19pt) -- (3.76406pt,399.236pt);
\fill(53.4497pt,394.719pt) -- (374.901pt,394.719pt) -- (374.901pt,289.325pt) -- (53.4497pt,289.325pt) -- (53.4497pt,394.719pt);

draw a white background that is larger than the actual picture. TikZ sees that and thinks it is part of the picture. Simply removing/uncommenting these lines removes most of the whitespace.

Near the end of the first scope,

\color[rgb]{1,1,1}
\fill(3.76406pt,249.426pt) -- (386.193pt,249.426pt) -- (386.193pt,103.381pt) -- (3.76406pt,103.381pt) -- (3.76406pt,249.426pt);

does the same. Additionally (near the end of the second scope),

\pgftext[center, base, at={\pgfpoint{220.95pt}{106.392pt}}]{\sffamily\fontsize{9}{0}\selectfont{\textbf{ }}}

adds a blank node below the picture, again enlarging the bounding box.

Removing all those lines gives a tight bounding box.

As far as I know, TikZ cannot do the cropping for you, as it can't know whether the white stuff is intentional or not (there might for example be a dark background behind the image so that white is visible).

[Tex/LaTex] TikZ: Flow Chart

Besides the things I already commented on, here are a few other things I’d consider:

Setting a fixed with makes the nodes having them the same width but also creates problem for very long words in the itemize environment. In addition to that the itemize environment introduces a rather high horizontal white space in front of the bullet. (Similar things happen in Saving a list in a re-usable box.)

I would avoid itemize and reproduce the behavior with a simply tabular environment (see my answer on the linked question) which inserts the bullet on its own.

For a more pleasing output I center the first line (kind of a header, isn’t it?) and add additional vertical space. The rectangle split shape might help here.

The needed options are:

shape=rectangle split,
rectangle split parts=2: we want two parts,
rectangle split part align={center,left}: the first part is centered, the second part is left-aligned.
rectangle split draw splits=false: by default the shape has lines between the separate parts, this disables them.

In the second example, I have used my positioning-plus library to place the psych and the FGID node vertically centered to the other nodes.

The first example needs the positioning library (which is loaded by positioning-plus so it is not loaded explicitly).

Code

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz,array}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning-plus,arrows,shapes.multipart}
\tikzset{
  block/.style={
    shape=rectangle split,
    draw,
    rectangle split part align={center,left},
    rectangle split parts=2,
    rectangle split draw splits=false},
  Circle/.style={shape=circle, draw, align=left}}
\newcommand*{\itemizeTabular}[2][l]{%
  \begin{tabular}{!{\kern\tabcolsep\usebeamertemplate{itemize item}}#1@{}}#2\end{tabular}}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto, thick, >=stealth]
\node[block] (child) {%
  Early life\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{Genetic\\Environmental}};
\node[block, right=of child] (psych) {%
  Psychoscial factors\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{life stress\\Psychological stress\\coping\\social support}};
\node[block, below=of psych] (phys) {%
  Physiology\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{Motility\\Sensation\\Inflammation\\Altered bacterial\\flora}};

\node[Circle, right=of phys](FGID) {FGID};

\path[->] (child) edge (psych)
                  edge (phys);
\path[<->] (psych) edge (phys)
                   edge (FGID)
            (phys) edge (FGID);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto, thick, >=stealth]
\node[block] (psych) {%
  Psychoscial factors\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{life stress\\Psychological stress\\coping\\social support}};
\node[block, below=of psych] (phys) {%
  Physiology\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{Motility\\Sensation\\Inflammation\\Altered bacterial\\flora}};

\node[block,left=of (phys)(psych)] (child) {%
  Early life\nodepart{two}
  \itemizeTabular{Genetic\\Environmental}};

\node[Circle, right=of (phys)(psych)](FGID) {FGID};

\path[->] (child) edge (psych)
                  edge (phys);
\path[<->] (psych) edge (phys)
                   edge (FGID)
            (phys) edge (FGID);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Output