[Tex/LaTex] Proper way to include unnumbered chapters in a per-chapter bibliography using biblatex

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I've been using example 3.11.4 of the biblatex documentation to generate a per-chapter bibliography at the end of my thesis. It works great, until I try to make my introduction into an unnumbered chapter. Then, the introduction does not appear in the bibliography. Here's a MWE:

\documentclass{book}

\usepackage[sorting = none, style = numeric, refsegment = chapter, cite reset = chapter]{bib latex}
\usepackage{nameref}

\defbibheading{bibintoc}{%
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
  \section*{References for Chapter \ref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment} - \nameref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@misc{A01,
  author = {Author, A.},
  year = {2001},
  title = {Alpha},
}
@misc{B02,
  author = {Buthor, B.},
  year = {2002},
  title = {Bravo},
}
@misc{C03,
  author = {Cuthor, C.},
  year = {2003},
  title = {Charlie},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}

\chapter*{Introduction}

\cite{A01}

\chapter{Chapter 1}

\cite{A01,B02}

\backmatter

\printbibheading
\bibbysegment[heading = bibintoc]

\end{document}

I found a work-around, using a refsection for the unnumbered Introduction. Here's a MWE of the workaround:

\documentclass{book}

\usepackage[sorting = none, style = numeric, refsegment = chapter, cite reset = chapter]{bib latex}
\usepackage{nameref}

\defbibheading{bibintoc}{%
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
  \section*{References for Chapter \ref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment} - \nameref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}

\defbibheading{bibintoc2}{%
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
  \section*{References for the \nameref{refsection:\therefsection}}}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@misc{A01,
  author = {Author, A.},
  year = {2001},
  title = {Alpha},
}
@misc{B02,
  author = {Buthor, B.},
  year = {2002},
  title = {Bravo},
}
@misc{C03,
  author = {Cuthor, C.},
  year = {2003},
  title = {Charlie},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}

\chapter*{Introduction}
\begin{refsection}
\cite{A01}
\end{refsection}
\chapter{Chapter 1}

\cite{A01,B02}

\backmatter

\printbibheading
\printbibliography[section=1,heading=bibintoc2]
\bibbysegment[heading = bibintoc]

\end{document}

I was content with this until I added an unnumbered Conclusion with citations. Then the code breaks down and biblatex returns a nested refsections error. Here's the MWE for that:

\documentclass{book}

\usepackage[sorting = none, style = numeric, refsegment = chapter, cite reset = chapter]{bib latex}
\usepackage{nameref}

\defbibheading{bibintoc}{%
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
  \section*{References for Chapter \ref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment} - \nameref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}

\defbibheading{bibintoc2}{%
  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
  \section*{References for the \nameref{refsection:\therefsection}}}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@misc{A01,
  author = {Author, A.},
  year = {2001},
  title = {Alpha},
}
@misc{B02,
  author = {Buthor, B.},
  year = {2002},
  title = {Bravo},
}
@misc{C03,
  author = {Cuthor, C.},
  year = {2003},
  title = {Charlie},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}

\chapter*{Introduction}
\begin{refsection}
\cite{A01}
\end{refsection}
\chapter{Chapter 1}

\cite{A01,B02}

\chapter*{Conclusion}
\begin{refsection}
\cite{C03}
\end{refsection}

\backmatter

\printbibheading
\printbibliography[section=1,heading=bibintoc2]
\bibbysegment[heading = bibintoc]

\end{document}

Any ideas how to solve this? Or, even better, how to properly implement \chapter* with example 3.11.4 of the biblatex doc?

Thanks in advance for the help!

Best Answer

You can invoke \newrefsegment and \citereset manually in the unnumbered chapters:

\chapter*{Introduction}
\newrefsegment
\citereset

but the titles for the bibliography segments can't be formatted consistently. There are various ways around this. Here we handle everything with patches to both \chapter and \chapter*.

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage[sorting=none,refsegment=chapter,citereset=chapter]{biblatex}
\usepackage{nameref}

\makeatletter
% Extend biblatex's \chapter patch to \chapter* and save data for titles
\def\blx@refpatch@chapter#1{%
  \ifundef\chapter
    {\blx@err@nodocdiv{chapter}}
    {\pretocmd\@makechapterhead
       {#1%
        \csdef{subbib:\therefsection\therefsegment}{%
          Chapter~\ref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}
       {}{\blx@err@patch{\string\@makechapterhead}}%
     \pretocmd\@makeschapterhead
       {#1%
        \csdef{subbib:\therefsection\therefsegment}{%
          \nameref{refsegment:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}
       {}{\blx@err@patch{\string\@makeschapterhead}}}}
\makeatother
\defbibheading{subbibliography}{%
  \section*{References for \csuse{subbib:\therefsection\therefsegment}}}

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents
\chapter*{Introduction}
\cite{reese}
\chapter{First chapter}
\cite{companion}
\chapter*{Unnumbered chapter}
\cite{glashow,weinberg}
\chapter{Second chapter}
\cite{glashow}
\chapter*{Conclusion}
\cite{reese}
\printbibheading[heading=bibintoc]
\bibbysegment[heading=subbibliography]
\end{document}

enter image description here

This approach also works for reference sections by chapter.

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage[sorting=none,refsection=chapter]{biblatex}
\usepackage{nameref}

\makeatletter
% Extend biblatex's \chapter patch to \chapter*, save data for titles
\def\blx@refpatch@chapter#1{%
  \ifundef\chapter
    {\blx@err@nodocdiv{chapter}}
    {\pretocmd\@makechapterhead
       {#1\csdef{subbib:\therefsection}{Chapter~\ref{refsection:\therefsection}}}
       {}{\blx@err@patch{\string\@makechapterhead}}%
     \pretocmd\@makeschapterhead
       {#1\csdef{subbib:\therefsection}{\nameref{refsection:\therefsection}}}
       {}{\blx@err@patch{\string\@makeschapterhead}}}}
\makeatother
\defbibheading{subbibliography}{\section*{References for \csuse{subbib:\therefsection}}}

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
...
\printbibheading[heading=bibintoc]
\bibbysection[heading=subbibliography]
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Bibliography per chapter with continuous numbering

Use of refsegment will continue label numbering for you. To print a reference in just one sub-bibliography (and completely frustrate most readers), you can track the continuation number for each refsegment and skip any items whose label is less than that number.

In the example below the default sorting scheme is used, but it could be changed. To get the label numbers right, this approach will require a couple additional passes with latex. biblatex gives you a message whenever another pass is needed.

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage[sorting=none,style=numeric,refsegment=chapter,defernumbers=true]{biblatex}
\usepackage{filecontents}

\defbibheading{subbibliography}{%
  \section*{Bibliography}}

\makeatletter

% Overall entry counter
\csnumgdef{blx@entrycount}{0}
\AtEveryBibitem{%
  \csnumgdef{blx@entrycount}{\csuse{blx@entrycount}+1}}

% Continued from this label number
\appto{\newrefsegment}{%
  \csnumgdef{blx@entrycount@\the\c@refsegment}{\csuse{blx@entrycount}+1}}

% Skip entries with label numbers less than the continued number
\defbibcheck{onlynew}{%
  \ifnumless{\thefield{labelnumber}}{\csuse{blx@entrycount@\the\c@refsegment}}
    {\skipentry}
    {}}

\makeatother

\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@Book{companion,
  author = {Goossens, Michel and Mittelbach, Frank and Samarin, Alexander},
  title = {The LaTeX Companion},
  edition = {1},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  date = {1994}}
@Article{gillies,
  author = {Gillies, Alexander},
  title = {Herder and the Preparation of Goethe's Idea of World Literature},
  journaltitle = {Publications of the English Goethe Society},
  volume = {9},
  date = {1933},
  pages = {46--67}}
@Article{bertram,
  author = {Bertram, Aaron and Wentworth, Richard},
  title = {Gromov invariants for holomorphic maps on Riemann surfaces},
  journaltitle = {J.~Amer. Math. Soc.},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  date = {1996},
  pages = {529--571}}
@Book{poetics,
  author = {Aristotle},
  editor = {Lucas, D. W.},
  title = {Poetics},
  series = {Clarendon Aristotle},
  publisher = {Clarendon Press},
  location = {Oxford},
  date = {1968}}
@Book{rhetoric,
  author = {Aristotle},
  editor = {Cope, Edward Meredith},
  commentator = {Cope, Edward Meredith},
  title = {The Rhetoric of Aristotle with a commentary by the late Edward Meredith Cope},
  volumes = {3},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  date = {1877}}
\end{filecontents}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}
\chapter{First}
  \cites{companion}{rhetoric}
  \printbibliography[segment=\therefsegment,check=onlynew,heading=subbibliography]
\chapter{Second}
  \cites{companion}{bertram}{poetics}
  \printbibliography[segment=\therefsegment,check=onlynew,heading=subbibliography]
\chapter{Third}
  \cites{companion}{bertram}{gillies}{rhetoric}
  \printbibliography[segment=\therefsegment,check=onlynew,heading=subbibliography]
\end{document}

Results for the first chapter:

enter image description here

And the second:

enter image description here

And the third:

enter image description here

[Tex/LaTex] Per-chapter bibliographies in biblatex

It sounds like you want the refsection environment, detailed in Section 3.11.3 of biblatex

\begin{filecontents*}{references.bib}
@BOOK{childs_temperature,
  title = {Practical Temperature Measurement},
  publisher = {Butterworth - Heinemann},
  year = {2001},
  author = {Childs, Peter R N},
  address = {Great Britain},
  edition = {1},
  isbn = {0 7506 5080 X}
  }

  @PHDTHESIS{hashemian,
  author = {Hashemian, Hashem Mehrdad},
  title = {Measurements of dynamic temperatures and pressures in nuclear power plants},
  school = {{The University of Western Ontario}},
  year = {2011},
  type = {PhD {T}hesis}
  }
\end{filecontents*}

\documentclass{report}
 \usepackage[style=alphabetic]{biblatex}
 \addbibresource{references.bib}

 \begin{document}
 \begin{refsection}
 \chapter{First chapter}
 \section{Foo}
 Some text \cite{childs_temperature}.
 \printbibliography
 \end{refsection}

 \begin{refsection}
 \chapter{Second chapter}
 \section{Bar}
 Some text \cite{hashemian}.
 \printbibliography[heading=subbibliography]
 \end{refsection}

 \nocite{*}
 \printbibliography
 \end{document}

Just to clarify, the compilation sequence is

pdflatex myfile.tex
biber myfile.bcf
pdflatex myfile.tex
pdflatex myfile.tex

You don't have to use the file extensions if you'd prefer not to :)

If you'd prefer to use bibtex then use

\usepackage[style=alphabetic,backend=bibtex]{biblatex}

and then run

pdflatex myfile.tex
bibtex myfile1-blx.aux
bibtex myfile2-blx.aux
bibtex myfile.aux
pdflatex myfile.tex
pdflatex myfile.tex

without the extensions if you wish. animation

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Bibliography per chapter with continuous numbering

[Tex/LaTex] Per-chapter bibliographies in biblatex

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