I suggest you use \boldmath before entering math mode. Use grouping to keep the scope of the directive local.
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
$36x^2y+54xy^2$
{\boldmath $36x^2y+54xy^2$} % use { and } to localize scope of \boldmath
$36x^2y+54xy^2$
\end{document}
As far as I am aware, the only way to do this is to keep on turning bold off and on every time that you want to do this. The cleanest solution would be to define a new version of equation that automatically makes the equation number bold:
Best Answer
I suggest you use
\boldmath
before entering math mode. Use grouping to keep the scope of the directive local.