[Tex/LaTex] Drawing a complicated Flow Chart (diagram) in Latex

diagramsflow chartstikz-pgf

I am relatively new to drawing a flow chart in Latex.

Started with this:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}

\tikzstyle{startstop} = [rectangle, rounded corners, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm,text centered, draw=black, fill=red!30]
\tikzstyle{io} = [trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30]
\tikzstyle{process} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, text width=3cm, draw=black, fill=orange!30]
\tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=green!30]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm]

\node (start) [startstop] {Data};
\node (in1) [io, below of=start] {Sonification};
\node (pro1) [process, below of=in1] {User};
\node (dec1) [decision, below of=pro1, yshift=-0.5cm] {Decision 1};
\node (pro2a) [process, below of=dec1, yshift=-0.5cm] {Process 2a text text text text text text text text text text};
\node (pro2b) [process, right of=dec1, xshift=2cm] {Process 2b};
\node (out1) [io, below of=pro2a] {Output};
\node (stop) [startstop, below of=out1] {Stop};

\draw [arrow] (start) -- (in1);
\draw [arrow] (in1) -- (pro1);
\draw [arrow] (pro1) -- (dec1);
\draw [arrow] (dec1) -- node[anchor=east] {yes} (pro2a);
\draw [arrow] (dec1) -- node[anchor=south] {no} (pro2b);
\draw [arrow] (pro2b) |- (pro1);
\draw [arrow] (pro2a) -- (out1);
\draw [arrow] (out1) -- (stop);


\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

But, it seemed difficult to add in a box inside a box.

I want to draw similar to this:

Best Answer

This is just to spell out my above comment. As I said, you need three layers, as in this post. I indicate the steps in the code, where they are in separate scopes.

You arrange the nodes you want to arrange with a matrix (or chains or just positioning).
You fit and fill the white nodes on a layer that is behind main, called background here.
You fit and fill gray these nodes on a layer below, which is called behind here.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,matrix,fit,calc}
\pgfdeclarelayer{behind}
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfdeclarelayer{foreground}
\pgfsetlayers{behind,background,main,foreground}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[T/.style={text width=10em,node font=\bfseries},
 A/.style={align=center},B/.style={A,draw},C/.style={text width=10em,align=right},
 L/.style={node font=\tiny,text=blue},
 F/.style={draw,dashed,fill=white},font=\sffamily]
 \matrix[matrix of nodes,nodes={minimum width=10.3em}] (mat){
  |[T,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L1]north east:Information Generator}]| Domain\\[2em]
  |[A]| Data\\[2em]
  |[T,text height=1.2em,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L2]north east:Communicative Medium}]| 
      Sonification\\[-1em]
  |[C]|Task\\
  |[C]|Model\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound Representation\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound Generation\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound representation\\[1.5em]
  |[T,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L3]north east:Information Receiver}]| User\\[2em]
  |[A]| Ear\\[1.5em]
  |[A]| Sound Perception (brain)\\[2em]
  |[C]| Musical Knowledge\\
  |[C]| Acoustic Memory\\[1.5em]
 };
 \foreach \X in {6,7,10}
  {\draw[-latex] (mat-\X-1.south-|mat.center) -- 
  (mat-\the\numexpr\X+1\relax-1.north-|mat.center);}
 \draw[-latex] (mat-2-1.south-|mat.center) -- (L2.north-|mat.center);
 \draw[-latex] (L2.south-|mat.center) -- 
 (mat-6-1.north-|mat.center);
 \draw[-latex] (L2.south-|mat.center) -- 
 (mat-6-1.north-|mat.center);
 \begin{scope}% step 2
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
   \node[F,fit=(mat-1-1)(mat-2-1)](F1){};
   \node[F,fit=(mat-3-1)(mat-8-1)](F2){};
   \node[F,fit=(mat-9-1)(mat-13-1)](F3){};
  \end{pgfonlayer}
  \draw[-latex] (F3.west) -| ++(-3em,4em) node[above] (Actions) {Actions};
  \draw[-latex] (Actions.north) |- (mat-3-1-|F2.west)
  node[pos=0.75,align=left,font=\tiny,below]{Control\\ interaction};
  \draw[-latex] (Actions.north) |- (F1.west)
  node[pos=0.75,align=left,font=\tiny,above]{Collection\\ Selection};
  \node[above left=2em and 3em of mat.north east,node font=\bfseries](title)
  {Typical Sonification Data Flow};
 \end{scope}
 \begin{scope}% step 3
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{behind}
   \node[fit=(mat)(title),draw,fill=gray!20,inner sep=1ex]{};
  \end{pgfonlayer}
 \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Or with your document class and the missing arrow.

\documentclass[12pt,oneside]{book} \usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,matrix,fit,calc}
\pgfdeclarelayer{behind}
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfdeclarelayer{foreground}
\pgfsetlayers{behind,background,main,foreground}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[T/.style={text width=10em,node font=\bfseries},
 A/.style={align=center},B/.style={A,draw},C/.style={text width=10em,align=right},
 L/.style={node font=\tiny,text=blue},
 F/.style={draw,dashed,fill=white},font=\sffamily]
 \matrix[matrix of nodes,nodes={minimum width=10.3em}] (mat){
  |[T,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L1]north east:Information Generator}]| Domain\\[2em]
  |[A]| Data\\[2em]
  |[T,text height=1.2em,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L2]north east:Communicative Medium}]| 
      Sonification\\[-1em]
  |[C]|Task\\
  |[C]|Model\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound Representation\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound Generation\\[1.5em]
  |[B]| Sound representation\\[1.5em]
  |[T,label={[anchor=north east,L,alias=L3]north east:Information Receiver}]| User\\[2em]
  |[A]| Ear\\[1.5em]
  |[A]| Sound Perception (brain)\\[2em]
  |[C]| Musical Knowledge\\
  |[C]| Acoustic Memory\\[1.5em]
 };
 \foreach \X in {6,7,10}
  {\draw[-latex] (mat-\X-1.south-|mat.center) -- 
  (mat-\the\numexpr\X+1\relax-1.north-|mat.center);}
 \draw[-latex] (mat-2-1.south-|mat.center) -- (L2.north-|mat.center);
 \draw[-latex] (L2.south-|mat.center) -- 
 (mat-6-1.north-|mat.center);
 \draw[-latex] (L2.south-|mat.center) -- 
 (mat-6-1.north-|mat.center);
 \draw[-latex] (mat-8-1.south-|mat.center) -- (mat-10-1.north-|mat.center);
 \begin{scope}% step 2
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
   \node[F,fit=(mat-1-1)(mat-2-1)](F1){};
   \node[F,fit=(mat-3-1)(mat-8-1)](F2){};
   \node[F,fit=(mat-9-1)(mat-13-1)](F3){};
  \end{pgfonlayer}
  \draw[-latex] (F3.west) -| ++(-3em,8em) node[above] (Actions) {Actions};
  \draw[-latex] (Actions.north) |- (mat-3-1-|F2.west)
  node[pos=0.75,align=left,font=\tiny,below]{Control\\ interaction};
  \draw[-latex] (Actions.north) |- (F1.west)
  node[pos=0.75,align=left,font=\tiny,above]{Collection\\ Selection};
  \node[above left=2em and 3em of mat.north east,node font=\bfseries](title)
  {Typical Sonification Data Flow};
 \end{scope}
 \begin{scope}% step 3
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{behind}
   \node[fit=(mat)(title),draw,fill=gray!20,inner sep=1ex]{};
  \end{pgfonlayer}
 \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

The source of the difficulty is that ellipses are constructed in a particular way in TikZ. They are paths that start from the x-axis and proceed counter-clockwise around their centre. The vast majority of the time, the exact parametrisation doesn't matter. You appear to have found the one situation where it does!

In the actual question, you only want to be able to mirror the ellipse, and so draw it starting from the negative x-axis (the title of the question suggests a more flexible approach). That's actually not too hard since we can exploit the symmetry of the ellipse. The key is to provide it with a negative x-radius, since then it will start from the negative x-axis (and proceed clockwise, but we could correct for that by negating the y-radius as well). To do this, we interrupt the call from the node shape to the drawing command and flip the sign of the x-radius. The simplest way to do this is to redefine the \pgfpathellipse macro to do the negation and then call the original macro. The following code does this.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,shapes,decorations.markings}
\makeatletter
\let\origpgfpathellipse=\pgfpathellipse
\def\revpgfpathellipse#1#2#3{%
  #2%
  \pgf@xa=-\pgf@x
  \origpgfpathellipse{#1}{\pgfqpoint{\pgf@xa}{0pt}}{#3}}
\makeatother

\tikzset{
  reversed ellipse/.style={
    ellipse,
    reverse the ellipse%
  },
  reverse the ellipse/.code={
    \let\pgfpathellipse=\revpgfpathellipse
  }
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,0) {hello world};

\node[reversed ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,-2) {hello world};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Here's the result:

rotated ellipse

(the arrow got clipped, but you can see where it lies)

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

I don't really get the question so I hope this is what you wanted. If you include a full document (such that we copy paste and see the problem on our systems) things are much more easier.

Here, you can change the default setting within a scope but your block style had a node distance which was resetting every time it is issued. I've made it 2mm such that we can see the difference easier.

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes.geometric,positioning}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[decision/.style={diamond, draw, text width=4.5em, text badly centered, node distance=3.5cm, inner sep=0pt},
                    block/.style   ={rectangle, draw, text width=6em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em, minimum height=2em},
                    cloud/.style   ={draw, ellipse, minimum height=2em},
                    line/.style    ={draw,-latex'},
                    node distance = 1cm, 
                    auto]
    \node [block] (1st) {1st};
    \node [block, right= of 1st]  (2nd1) {2nd1};
\begin{scope}[node distance=2mm and 10mm]%Here we change it for everything inside this scope
    \node [block, above= of 2nd1] (2nd2) {2nd2};
    \node [block, below= of 2nd1] (2nd3) {2nd3};
    \node [block, right= of 2nd1] (3rd1) {3rd1};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd1] (3rd2) {3rd2};
    \node [block, above= of 3rd2] (3rd3) {3rd3};
\end{scope}
    \node [block, below= of 3rd1] (3rd4) {3rd4};
    \node [block, below= of 3rd4] (3rd5) {3rd5};

    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd2);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (2nd3);
    \path [line] (2nd2) -- (3rd3);
    \path [line] (2nd1) -- (3rd1);
    \path [line] (1st) -- (2nd1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

[Tex/LaTex] How to define the default vertical distance between nodes

Related Question