[Tex/LaTex] Different vertical spacing (parskip) between concurrent section titles and paragraphs

koma-scriptparagraphssectioningspacingtitlesec

I'm trying to remove the spacing between section headings, but maintain the paragraph to section heading spacing.

Even though I set titlespacing before and after to *0, there is still spacing – quite a bit more in the case of \section.

I've tried a number of things, getting close with setting titlespacing{\<eachone>}{*0}{-5.8pt}, but it's not complete and has a number of problems. Removes vertical space to the first paragraph and section still has more space than expected.

Here's what I have:

enter image description here

And what I'm looking for:

enter image description here

\documentclass{scrbook}
\usepackage[letterpaper,asymmetric,left=108pt,right=54pt,top=41pt,bottom=41pt,headsep=13pt,headheight=14pt,footskip=23pt,marginparwidth=72pt]{geometry}
\usepackage[compact,explicit,calcwidth]{titlesec}
\usepackage{tikz,lipsum}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
%
\usepackage{setspace}\onehalfspacing
%
\setkomafont{sectioning}{\normalfont}
%
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}
%
\newlength\titlemarginwidth
\setlength\titlemarginwidth{54pt}
%
\newcommand\boxedsection[6]{{%
  \usekomafont{sectioning}\usekomafont{#2}%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[inner sep=0, inner ysep=0.7ex, node distance=0]%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text width=\titlemarginwidth-\columnsep-1pt,color=#3] at (0,0) (numnode) {\vphantom{yZ}\hspace{1ex}#6};%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text width=\textwidth-.5pt] at ($(numnode.base east)+(\columnsep,0)$) (textnode) {\vphantom{yZ}#1};%
    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}%
      \fill[color=#4] (0,0|-numnode.north) rectangle (numnode.south east|-textnode.south east);%
      \draw[#5,semithick] (0,0|-numnode.north) -- (textnode.north east);%
      \draw[#5,semithick] (0,0|-textnode.south west) -- (textnode.south east);%
    \end{pgfonlayer}%
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}}%
%
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{-0.7\titlemarginwidth}{50pt}{40pt}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]%
  {\usekomafont{sectioning}\usekomafont{chapter}}%
  {\emph{\chaptertitlename\ \thechapter}}%
  {0em}%
  {\emph{#1}}%
%
\titlespacing*{\section}{-\titlemarginwidth}{*0}{*0}
\titleformat{\section}[display]
  {\setstretch{1}}%
  {}{0pt}{\boxedsection{#1}{section}{white}{black}{black}{\thesection}}%
%
\titlespacing*{\subsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{*0}{*0}
\titleformat{\subsection}[display]
  {\setstretch{1}}%
  {}{0pt}{\boxedsection{#1}{subsection}{black}{gray!30}{black}{\thesubsection}}%
%
\titlespacing*{\subsubsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{*0}{*0}
\titleformat{\subsubsection}[display]
  {\setstretch{1}}%
  {}{0pt}{\boxedsection{#1}{subsubsection}{black}{white}{black}{\thesubsubsection}}%
%
\begin{document}
\chapter{Test}
\section{Section}
\lipsum[2]
\section{Section}
\subsection{Subection}
\subsubsection{Subsubection}
\lipsum[2]
\end{document}

Possibly related question

Best Answer

COMMENTS ON LATEST EDIT:

In response to Mr. Clark's stipulation that he didn't like the \vskips, those have been successfully removed. Further, all spacings are issued through the titlesec package and are now specified in terms of \baselineskip, which should provide more flexigility for fontsize changes. Significant changes in this edit were several. First, changing the titlesec format from "display" to "hang" accomplished a great deal. However, the issue of \lineskiplimit proved to be decisive. The \boxedsection command created by Jeff was of a size not close to an even multiple of \baselineskip and so LaTeX kept adding a line to correct a perceived problem. Setting the line-skip-limit to a more negative value resolved the issue. And it allowed me to use just the titlesec parameters to achieve the result, without any vspaces.

Nonetheless, there remained the issue of glue, to which I alluded in one of the comments. I was largely able to remedy it by setting \parskip to 0 and setting \textfloatsep so that it couldn't grow (I'm not wholly sure I'm using that command properly). However, a super-zoom on the flushed section headings can still occasionally perceive some glue-gap. Maybe there's another glue parameter that can help.

COMMENTS ON AN EARLIER EDIT:

In response to the comment that there probably needs to be no separate commands used for the flushed sub- and subsub-section headings, I have remedied that problem, with one proviso. The method works by counting how many \pars have been issued after the higher-level section invocation. It starts by assuming you have a flush-heading sub*section. Then it starts counting \pars. Once it reaches a critical number, it concludes that you have added text to the section , and changes the \sub*section heading for the next lower heading level. Therefore, the user must be consistent in how they add text to a section. Currently, the triggers are set up for the following structure

\section{name}
<blank line>
text
<blank line>
\subsection{name}
<blank line>
text
<blank line>
\subsubsection{name}

or for flush headings

\section{name}
<blank line>
\subsection{name}
<blank line>
\subsubsection{name}

Thus, there remains the requirement for the user to type his section headings consistently. And because of the feature of texexchange to squeeze blank lines out of listings, the needed blank lines in the body do not show up in the below listing.

\documentclass{scrbook}
\usepackage[letterpaper,asymmetric,left=108pt,right=54pt,top=41pt,bottom=41pt,headsep=13pt,headheight=14pt,footskip=23pt,marginparwidth=72pt]{geometry}
\usepackage[compact,explicit,calcwidth]{titlesec}
\usepackage{tikz,lipsum}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{ifthen}
%
\usepackage{setspace}\onehalfspacing
%
\setkomafont{sectioning}{\normalfont}
%
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}
%
\newlength\titlemarginwidth
\setlength\titlemarginwidth{54pt}
%
\newcommand\boxedsection[6]{{%
  \usekomafont{sectioning}\usekomafont{#2}%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[inner sep=0, inner ysep=0.7ex, node distance=0]%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text
width=\titlemarginwidth-\columnsep-1pt,color=#3] at (0,0) (numnode)
{\vphantom{yZ}\hspace{1ex}#6};%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text width=\textwidth-.5pt] at
($(numnode.base east)+(\columnsep,0)$) (textnode) {\vphantom{yZ}#1};%
    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}%
      \fill[color=#4] (0,0|-numnode.north) rectangle (numnode.south
east|-textnode.south east);%
      \draw[#5,semithick] (0,0|-numnode.north) -- (textnode.north
east);%
      \draw[#5,semithick] (0,0|-textnode.south west) -- (textnode.south
east);%
    \end{pgfonlayer}%
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}}%
\newcommand\flushboxedsection[6]{{%
  \usekomafont{sectioning}\usekomafont{#2}%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[inner sep=0, inner ysep=0.7ex, node distance=0]%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text
width=\titlemarginwidth-\columnsep-1pt,color=#3] at (0,0) (numnode)
{\vphantom{yZ}\hspace{1ex}#6};%
    \node[anchor=base west,rectangle,text width=\textwidth-.5pt] at
($(numnode.base east)+(\columnsep,0)$) (textnode) {\vphantom{yZ}#1};%
    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}%
      \fill[color=#4] (0,0|-numnode.north) rectangle (numnode.south
east|-textnode.south east);%
      \draw[#5,semithick] (0,0|-textnode.south west) -- (textnode.south
east);%
    \end{pgfonlayer}%
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}}%
%
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{-0.7\titlemarginwidth}{50pt}{40pt}
\titleformat{\chapter}[hang]%
  {\usekomafont{sectioning}\usekomafont{chapter}}%
  {\emph{\chaptertitlename\ \thechapter}}%
  {0em}%
  {\emph{#1}}%

\titlespacing*{\section}{-\titlemarginwidth}{.6\baselineskip}{*0}%
\titleformat{\section}[hang]%
  {\setstretch{1.6}}%
  {}{0pt}{\boxedsection{#1}{section}{white}{black}{black}{\thesection}%
}

\def\tsubsectionbox{%
  \titlespacing*{\subsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{.8\baselineskip}{*0}%
  \titleformat{\subsection}[hang]%
    {}%
    {}{0pt}{%
  \boxedsection{##1}{subsection}{black}{gray!30}{black}{\thesubsection}}%
}
%
\def\fsubsectionbox{%
  \titlespacing*{\subsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{*0}{.2\baselineskip}%
  \titleformat{\subsection}[hang]%
    {\setstretch{1.38}}%
    {}{0pt}{%
  \flushboxedsection{##1}{subsection}{black}{gray!30}{black}{\thesubsection}}%
}
%
\newcounter{subparcounter}
\let\savesection\section
\def\section{\fsubsectionbox\setcounter{subparcounter}{0}\savesection}
%
\def\tsubsubsectionbox{%
  \titlespacing*{\subsubsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{.8\baselineskip}{*0}%
  \titleformat{\subsubsection}[hang]%
    {}%
    {}{0pt}{%
  \boxedsection{##1}{subsubsection}{black}{white}{black}{\thesubsubsection}}%
}
%
\def\fsubsubsectionbox{%
  \titlespacing*{\subsubsection}{-\titlemarginwidth}{*0}{0\baselineskip}%
  \titleformat{\subsubsection}[hang]%
    {\setstretch{1.1}}%
    {}{0pt}{%
  \flushboxedsection{##1}{subsubsection}{black}{white}{black}{\thesubsubsection}}%
}
%
\newcounter{subsubparcounter}
\let\savesubsection\subsection
\def\subsection{\fsubsubsectionbox\setcounter{subsubparcounter}{0}%
  \savesubsection}
%
\let\savepar\par
\def\par{%
  \savepar%
  \addtocounter{subsubparcounter}{1}%
  \addtocounter{subparcounter}{1}%
  \ifthenelse{5 = \value{subsubparcounter}}%
  {\tsubsubsectionbox}%
  {}%
  \ifthenelse{5 = \value{subparcounter}}%
  {\tsubsectionbox}%
  {}%
}%
%
% SEE: http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb28-1/tb88bazargan.pdf
\lineskiplimit = -12pt % <--MAY NEED TO BE MADE MORE NEGATIVE!
\parskip 0ex
\setlength{\textfloatsep}{20pt plus 0pt minus 4pt}
%
\begin{document}
\chapter{Test}
\section{Section}

\lipsum[2]

text

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

\subsection{Subsection}

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

Text

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\lipsum[2]

\section{Section}

\lipsum[2]

text

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

\subsection{Subsection}

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

Text

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\lipsum[2]

\section{Section}

\lipsum[2]

text

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

\subsection{Subsection}

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\section{Section}

\subsection{Subsection}

Text

\subsubsection{Subsubsection}

Text

\lipsum[2]

\end{document}

enter image description here

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Different spacing between section and content

The problem here is that LaTeX is trying to do a decent job of making the text look presentable by not allowing orphaned words before an equation environment. Taken from the Wikipedia entry on widows and orphans:

In typesetting, widows and orphans are words or short lines at the beginning or end of a paragraph, which are left dangling at the top or bottom of a column, separated from the rest of the paragraph.

The happens at the bottom of page 4 in your document:

Orphaned word

If your document is not at a final stage of production, then I would suggest not worrying about this until later. That is because small changing in your document might end up getting rid of this problem without you having to do it manually. However, if you want to make a change to accommodate for this, you have a couple of options.

Option 1: You modify the text in the chapter before this point (by adding or removing text) so the spacing changes. This is what happens when you " delete a couple of last lines from the chapter". This is not optimal, since you may have to change the entire chapter/section flow. However, it remains an option.

Option 2: You increase the text block size just for this page, with

...
\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}% Enlarge this page by \baselineskip
\begin{equation}
  \sum_{j=1}^{n}u_{ij} > 0, \forall i \in {1,...,c} \label{eqn:nonempty}
\end{equation}
oraz
\begin{equation}
  \sum_{i=1}^{c}u_{ij} = 1, \forall j \in {1,...,n} \label{eqn:one}
\end{equation}
...

$Orphaned word removed via \enlargethispage{\baselineskip}$

Note: Be sure to remove this requirement if there is a change in your document that would make this enlargement unnecessary.

Option 3: Your margin specification via geometry is:

\usepackage[left=3.0cm,right=3cm,top=3.0cm,bottom=3.0cm]{geometry}

You could simply this to

\usepackage[margin=29.5mm]{geometry}% Margins of 29.5mm

to reduce the margins on all sides of your document from 30mm to 29.5mm - effectively increasing the text block horizontally by only 1mm. This causes the document to be typeset with a marginal difference, allowing for a bit more to fit on the page and a better break at the bottom of page 4:

Orphaned word remove with a change in margin specification

[Tex/LaTex] Identical vertical spacing between paragraphs of different textsize

The spacing is not uniform for exactly the same reason why you need the \par before exiting the \footnotesize section: a paragraph is typeset with only one baseline skip, the one which is in force when the paragraph ends.

If you leave out the \par, a \par is seen at the empty line following the closing brace, when the \footnotesize setting has been undone. With the \par, also the first line is typeset with the \footnotesize baseline skip.

What's a way out? Use \par also to separate the first line from the rest (and \nobreak to avoid a page break):

\documentclass{memoir}

\begin{document}

{
  \parindent0pt
  \setlength{\parskip}{\baselineskip}

1. Setup:\par\nobreak\vspace{-\parskip}
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

2. Core steps:\par\nobreak\vspace{-\parskip}
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

3. Wrapping up:\par\nobreak\vspace{-\parskip}
{\footnotesize
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material}
\par}

4. Final steps:\par\nobreak\vspace{-\parskip}
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

}

\end{document}

The \vspace{-\parskip} is necessary because of the \parskip setting.

What if there is no "introductory line"? Use a strut outside the group (it's an invisible, zero width object that ensures uniform space. The strut is recomputed when a size changing command is issued, but putting it outside the group (or just before \footnotesize) will ensure it is the one for the normal size:

\documentclass{memoir}

\begin{document}

{
  \parindent0pt
  \setlength{\parskip}{\baselineskip}

\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

\strut{\footnotesize
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material}
\par}

\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

}

\end{document}

A \strut in the same position may or may not be needed also in the first form; it depends on the visual interaction between the normal size line and the following with small type size.

Notice that I used \setlength rather than \addtolength, so as not to make assumptions about the actual value of \parskip. It may be better to add some flexibility to it:

\setlength{\parskip}{1\baselineskip plus 2pt minus 1pt}

to help TeX form a good page; the spaces between the blocks will be the same: all of them will be stretched or shrunk by the same amount.

However, I'd prefer to insert explicit spaces rather than relying on the automatic \parskip, maybe using some macro or environment.

Without the

\parindent0pt
\setlength{\parskip}{\baselineskip}

you could do

\documentclass{memoir}

\begin{document}

\noindent 1. Setup:\par\nobreak\noindent
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

\bigskip

\noindent 2. Core steps:\par\nobreak\noindent
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

\bigskip

\noindent 3. Wrapping up:\par\nobreak\noindent
\strut{\footnotesize
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some really long technical formula-like material}\par}

\bigskip

\noindent 4. Final steps:\par\nobreak\noindent
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material} \\
\textit{some technical formula-like material}

\end{document}

Notice the \bigskip to get the spacing between blocks. I've kept the initial strut for the "small type" block, in order to avoid that the lines are too near to each other. (As above, the strut would also be necessary if there were no "introductory lines".)

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Different spacing between section and content

[Tex/LaTex] Identical vertical spacing between paragraphs of different textsize

Related Question