[Tex/LaTex] Different style of permille sign

math-modesymbols

Long permille sign

Hi all, I have found a publication using this permille sign with Times New Roman font. I have tried the textcomp \textperthousand and wasysym \permil commands but it does not yield this symbol. This one extends below the character line. Does anyone know of it? Also, I pasted the character into Word and it gives me an ampersand (&) (position 7 on most character maps), with font name as AdvPSMPE7. Any help or tip will be greatly appreciated.

Best Answer

If your main document font is Times Roman or a clone thereof, I would strongly recommend not using the per-thousand symbol you've reproduced in the screenshot: It's too big, it's poorly placed, and it won't mesh visually with the font's per-cent symbol.

Assuming you use a font package that features a \textperthousand macro, just use it.

Here's an example using pdfLaTeX and the newtxtext and newtxmath packages:

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath,amsmath}
\begin{document}
range of $-20.9$\textperthousand\ to $-18.4$\textperthousand

\bigskip
$1\% = 10\text{\textperthousand}$ 
\end{document}

And here's what you'd get using the same in-document code but with LuaLaTeX and the XITS and XITS Math Opentype fonts:

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[no-math]{fontspec}
\setmainfont{XITS}
\usepackage{unicode-math}
\setmathfont{XITS Math}
\begin{document}
range of $-20.9\textperthousand$ to $-18.4\textperthousand$ 

\bigskip

$1\% = 10\textperthousand$
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Big integral sign

I'm aware of three packages that will let you create larger integral signs: bigints, mtpro2, and relsize.

The package bigints provides the following commands to scale up the symbol produced by \int: \bigintssss, \bigintsss, \bigintss, \bigints, and \bigint. Using the default math font family (Computer Modern) and the default text font size of 10pt, these commands (including the "ordinary" \int) produce the following symbols, with a dummy integrand thrown in for scale:

enter image description here

The mtpro2 package, which uses Times New Roman-style fonts, provides the commands \xl, \XL, and \XXL (as well as the gynormous, 10cm-tall \XXXL, not shown below) as prefixes to \int. This is how these integrals look like when typeset with the mtpro2 package:

enter image description here

By the way, the full mtpro2 package is not free. However, its "lite" subset (which is all that's needed to use the prefix commands \xl, etc.) is free. The package may be downloaded from this site.

The command \mathlarger of the relsize package can also produce larger integral symbols. (For multi-step enlargements, the exscale package must be loaded as well.) For a one-step increase in size, you'd type \mathop{\mathlarger{\int}}; for a two-step increase, you'd type \mathop{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\int}}}, etc.

enter image description here

To my taste, all three sets of results look quite professional. :-)

Three further comments, and a caveat:

None of these packages seems to do a great job placing the lower and upper limits of integration. A reasonable positioning of the lower limit of integration, in particular, will require inserting either several "negative thinspace" (\!) directives -- the larger the integral symbol, the more \! instructions will likely be required -- or something like \mkern-18mu. (Use \mkern rather than \kern when in math mode.)
The bigints package can produce five large variants for \oint as well, but (again AFAICT) not for double, triple, surface, slashed, etc. integrals. The mtpro2 package, while providing "only" three large variants of \int (I'm disregarding the \XXXL-prefix variant!), can produce large variants of \iint, \iiint, \oiint, \oiiint, \barint, \slashint, and clockwise- and counterclockwise-oriented line integrals. Similarly, the \mathlarger command of the relsize package can be applied to any operator symbol -- including \iint, \iiint, etc.
The mtpro2 package can be used in conjunction with both the bigints and the relsize packages. If the mtpro2 package is loaded, the instructions \bigintssss, \bigintsss, ... \mathop{\mathlarger{\int}}, ... will produce integral symbols that are a bit "thicker", in keeping with the style of the \int symbols produced directly by the mtpro2 package.
May 2014 update: I have recently discovered that the bigints package doesn't seem to be compatible with the lmodern package, in the sense that the macros of the bigints pacakge do not generate "large" integral symbols if the lmodern package is loaded as well. For a work-around, please see this answer by @egreg. The work-around consists of inserting the instructions
```
\DeclareFontFamily{OMX}{lmex}{}
\DeclareFontShape{OMX}{lmex}{m}{n}{<-> lmex10}{}
```
in the preamble, after loading the lmodern package.

Finally, here's the code that produced the three screenshots shown above.

With the bigints package:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{bigints}
\newcommand\dummy{\frac{a}{c}\,\mathrm{d}P}
\begin{document}
\[
\int\dummy\quad
\bigintssss\dummy\quad
\bigintsss\dummy\quad
\bigintss\dummy\quad
\bigints\dummy\quad
\bigint\dummy
\]
\end{document}

With the mtpro2 package:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[lite]{mtpro2}
\newcommand\dummy{\frac{a+b}{c+d}\,\mathrm{d}P\quad}
\begin{document}
\[
\int\dummy\quad
\xl\int\dummy\quad
\XL\int\dummy\quad
\XXL\int\dummy
\]
 \end{document}

With the relsize and exscale packages:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{relsize,exscale}
\newcommand\dummy{\frac{a}{c}\,\mathrm{d}P\quad}
\begin{document}
\[
\int\dummy\quad
\mathop{\mathlarger{\int}}\dummy\quad
\mathop{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\int}}}\dummy\quad
\mathop{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\int}}}}\dummy\quad
\mathop{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\mathlarger{\int}}}}}\dummy
\]
\end{document}

[Tex/LaTex] How to make the limit (mathematics) sign

You are looking for \lim_{x \to 2} f(x) = 5. This has to be used in math mode which can be either inline mode (where the limit is placed as a subscript so that the inter line spacing of the paragraph is not perturbed):

enter image description here

or in display mode where the limits are placed underneath):

References:

For the two types of math modes, please see:
1. Display Math: Why is \[ ... \] preferable to $$ ... $$?
2. Inline Math: Are $ and $ preferable to dollar signs for math mode?
An excellent reference for math mode is Herbert Voss' comprehensive review of mathematics in (La)TeX

Code:

\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}
With in line mode this is typeset as $\lim_{x \to 2} f(x) = 5$

\medskip
In display mode it is typset differently:
\[ \lim_{x \to 2} f(x) = 5 \]
\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Big integral sign

[Tex/LaTex] How to make the limit (mathematics) sign

References:

Code:

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