[Tex/LaTex] Biblatex style file for New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)

biblatex

This question led to a new package:
biblatex-nejm

The journal New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) has the following requirement for references. I can't find a standard style file. What is the closest match? How can I customize based on that?

In the citation, it looks like 1–3, 7, 8 (no square parentheses) at the end of a sentence .

For bibliography, list all authors when there are six or fewer; when there are seven or more, list the first three, followed by et al. The following is a sample for article type:

Shapiro AMJ, Lakey JRT, Ryan EA, et al. Islet transplantation in
seven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a
glucocorticoid-free immunosuppressive regimen. N Engl J Med
2000;343:230-8.

EDIT 1:

Question 1

The bib entry for this article:

@ARTICLE{Shapiro2000, 
   author = { Shapiro, A M J and Lakey, J R T and Ryan, E A and Lisa Schreiber and Jon Smith and Allan Jones and Cathy Smith},
   title = { Islet transplantation in seven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a glucocorticoid-free immunosuppressive regimen},
  journal = { N Engl J Med },
  year = {2000},
  volume = {343},
  pages = {230-8}  }

I have fixed the author initial thing. Now it is the

N Engl J Med 2000;343:230-8.

part I need help. I really appreciate your time and help.

Question 2

In the bibliography, how can I get "1." in stead of "1"?

EDIT 2:

Question 3

The journal name should not be italic. Can we make it right?

Question 4

Suppose there is an entry field number = {2} in the bib item, how can we prevent it from showing up in bibliography?

Solution 5

tips from @lockstep:

please google: biblatex: remove commas between last and first names in bibliography

terseinits=true seems not working with backend=biber

When I removed backend=biber, the terseinits=true started to work.

many thanks to @Marco

Best Answer

EDIT (31.08.2011 17:00 CET) I build a small package which allow you to use:

\usepackage[style=nejm,backend=biber]{biblatex}

The package consists of the modification of this threat and the examples of NEJM.

The package is now on CTAN.

EDIT (30.08.11 09:00 CET) Now all 5 questions are implemented in the code.

terseinits=true works with biber. You need also the option firstinits=true

Now I use the bib-entry of tlw to modify the style numeric

\documentclass[english]{scrartcl}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@ARTICLE{Shapiro2000, 
   author = { Shapiro, A M J and Lakey, J R T and Ryan, E A and Lisa Schreiber and Jon Smith and Allan Jones and Cathy Smith},
   title = { Islet transplantation in seven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a glucocorticoid-free immunosuppressive regimen},
  journal = { N Engl J Med },
  year = {2000},
  number={2},
  volume = {343},
  pages = {230-8}}

\end{filecontents}
\usepackage{babel} 
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}    
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=numeric,%
            minnames=3, maxnames=6,%
            terseinits=true,%
            firstinits=true,
            backend=biber]{biblatex}
\renewrobustcmd*{\bibinitperiod}{\addspace}

\renewbibmacro*{name:last-first}[4]{%
  \ifuseprefix
    {\usebibmacro{name:delim}{#3#1}%
     \usebibmacro{name:hook}{#3#1}%
     \ifblank{#3}{}{%
       \ifcapital
         {\mkbibnameprefix{\MakeCapital{#3}}\isdot}
     {\mkbibnameprefix{#3}\isdot}%
       \ifpunctmark{'}{}{\bibnamedelimc}}%
     \mkbibnamelast{#1}\isdot
     \ifblank{#4}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnameaffix{#4}\isdot}%
     \ifblank{#2}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnamefirst{#2}\isdot}}%remove \addcomma
    {\usebibmacro{name:delim}{#1}%
     \usebibmacro{name:hook}{#1}%
     \mkbibnamelast{#1}\isdot
     \ifblank{#4}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnameaffix{#4}\isdot}%
%     \ifblank{#2#3}{}{\addcomma}%%commented
     \ifblank{#2}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnamefirst{#2}\isdot}%
     \ifblank{#3}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnameprefix{#3}\isdot}}}

%Name-scheme in thebibliography
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{last-first}
%cite without brackets
\DeclareCiteCommand{\cite}%[\mkbibbrackets]
  {\usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \usebibmacro{cite}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}
%no bracktes in thebibliography
\DeclareFieldFormat{labelnumberwidth}{#1}
%no pp
\DeclareFieldFormat{pages}{#1}
%no In by journal name:
\newbibmacro*{in:}{}
%Order year;volume:page
\renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
  \printtext{%
%  \printtext[parens]{%
    \iffieldundef{issue}
      {\usebibmacro{date}}
      {\printfield{issue}%
       \setunit*{\addspace}%
       \usebibmacro{date}}}%
  \newunit}
\renewbibmacro*{journal+issuetitle}{%
  \usebibmacro{journal}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
  \setunit*{\addsemicolon}
  \iffieldundef{series}
    {}
    {\newunit
     \printfield{series}%
     \setunit{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{volume+number+eid}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
%  \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \usebibmacro{issue}%
  \newunit}
\renewcommand*{\bibpagespunct}{\addcolon}
%Journalname roman
\DeclareFieldFormat*{journaltitle}{#1}
%no number
\newbibmacro*{volume+number+eid}{%
  \printfield{volume}%
%  \setunit*{\adddot}%
%  \printfield{number}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{eid}}

\addbibresource{\jobname}
\begin{document}
\cite{Shapiro2000}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

enter image description here

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Adapting an existing biblatex style in order to imitate Springer’s author-year reference list rules for authors

There's a lot of questions here. Maybe some that are rather subjective. Rather than produce an essay I'll try to answer your questions.

Yes, the process is handcrafted, if you won't accept or live with one of the standard or common styles, or at least if you need to make more than a few changes to them. With respect, the reason is clear once you look at your own question. You have found a style you like, but you would like a few little things changed: a full stop after some parentheses, and the book name. Fortunately or unfortunately, everyone has these little quirks: corner cases, inconsistencies, favourite little points. This is life. And in the end that means handcrafting. A lot can be done by changing macros, so that the rough work is done quickly. But it's these "little things" that take time.

Sometimes this becomes a bit frustrating, as one wonders whether this or that feature of a citation style is really required. All of them more-or-less convey the same information, which is really part of the problem: because then we have room for endless debate on matters of taste, about which people, being people, can sometimes feel strongly. To some extent the degree to which your style has to be handcrafted depends on your own ability to live with something that isn't quite exactly what you want. If you could resign yourself to using, say APA or Chicago style, we have exactly what you need. You are driven to bespoke by an exquisite refusal to be seen wearing something off-the-peg: as is your prerogative.

Bibtex of course managed the semi-homemade approach via makebst. But it's a much simpler system: because of the complexity of biblatex, I doubt such a system is viable. At any rate it would be a huge amount of work, and doesn't exist. The nearest biblatex comes to that is actually the highly configurable styles like the DW styles; but they are not really focussed on your author/year system.
In terms of styles to look at, there are two fairly mature styles that are focussed on author-year citations: biblatex-chicago (which you load as a package of its own) in its authordate version, and biblatex-apa. The former is quite a way from what you want. The latter is pretty close, actually, to your format (though with more periods and punctuation than you like), but might be a good starting point for customization. This does not "meet your needs" if you mean "look exactly as you want your style to look", but it is a totally competent modern citation style which conforms very closely to an established style-guide.
For modification, I'd always start with a standard style (unless it's really a question of tiny tweaks). In your case, I'd probably work from authoryear (or one of its close variants -- though before that I'd look at the code for APA to see if it might be a closer fit.
There is no perfect single source. My own experience, beyond the questions you have identified, is that one got most help from the biblatex documentation, but sometimes even more from the source code, especially biblatex.def and standard.bbx, which you need to keep at hand. They provide the copious examples that the technical documentation rather lacks.

A few suggestions:

Please, please, see if you can't bring yourself to use a style like APA or Chicago, with minimal modification (e.g. to remove unnecessary periods after initials and the like). This would be very much simpler. If you can't, and you are determined to roll your own ...
Ask yourself why you are using biblatex. I'm a huge fan of it, because in my field it is essential: you simply cannot have adequate legal bibliographies with bibtex. You may need it for all sorts of reasons. But if you are not going to need its advanced features, but aim for nothing that bibtex could not do, but are determined on a bespoke approach, then going the makebst route might be better for you. (Or modifying the Springer .bst files which are, I think, available.)
If the answer to those questions is that you are going to use biblatex but produce your own style then
- start with the book, article, inbook and incollection drivers, in that order. Once you've got them, you are more than half way there usually.
- when tackling the drivers, use a variety of test data that you are confident about (i.e. you are sure how it should end up being printed). Change only a bit at a time. Make sure to test with unexpected data too.
- test very frequently. It's horribly easy to introduce some annoying little error like an extra space somewhere, which can be hell to track down later.
- sort out the punctuation (\newunitpunct and friends) as the first thing you do. Spend some time studying the documentation's quite lengthy description of the punctuation system, which is cunning and useful, but not immediately intuitive.
- encapsulate as much as you can so that you get repeatable units: aim for drivers which are simply a succession of \printfield, \newunit, \newblock and \usebibmacro, without any heavy logic or formatting built in. Use \bibmacros to control logic, and the various \format...ing directives to deal with formatting and typography.
- you are going to need to revise (not, of course, edit: make a new alternative) at least one .lbx file because they are stuffed full of full stops after abbreviations.
- try to build a style which will precisely follow the Springer one, and then add your tweaks (perhaps with an option), so that you can make the style available to others.

[Tex/LaTex] Citing (author, journalabbr., year) needed

First thing to do is to add a field for the journal abbreviation to the article entrytype, journalabbr in the MWE. Therefore you need to declare a datamodel (an extra file; in the MWE I've used filecontents to simulate that) and you have to tell biblatex/biber to use it in the package options.

Then you have to modify the cite command, so it fits your needs. \citep from the authoryear-style (your citestyle) uses the \cite command. There you just have to add a switch, which checks if the field journalabbr is empty or not, and prints it out or not.

Last but not least you have to add the abbreviation fields to the entries.

MWE:

\begin{filecontents}{min.bib}
@article{boisson2003unexpected,
  title={Unexpected protein families including cell defense components feature in the N-myristoylome of a higher eukaryote},
  author={Boisson, B. and Giglione, Carmela and Meinnel, Thierry},
  journal={Journal of Biological Chemistry},
  journalabbr={JBC},
  year={2003},
  publisher={ASBMB}
}
\end{filecontents}

\begin{filecontents}{authorjabbryear.dbx}
\ProvidesFile{authorjabbryear.dbx}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{journalabbr}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[article]{journalabbr}
\end{filecontents}

\documentclass[fontsize=11pt, paper=a4, ngerman, DIV=calc]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}
\renewcommand*\familydefault{\sfdefault}
\usepackage{fixltx2e}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage[german=quotes]{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=authoryear-comp,sortcites=true,sorting=nyt,isbn=false,natbib=true, citestyle=authoryear,bibstyle=authoryear,backend=biber,maxnames=1,maxcitenames=1,
,datamodel=authorjabbryear%added!
] {biblatex}

\DefineBibliographyStrings{ngerman}{ andothers = {{et\,al\adddot}} }

\renewbibmacro*{cite}{%from authoryear.cbx
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldundef{labelyear}}
       {\usebibmacro{cite:label}%
        \setunit{\addspace}}
       {\printnames{labelname}%
        \setunit{\nameyeardelim}}%
     \iffieldundef{journalabbr}{}{%
        \printfield{journalabbr}%
        \setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
        }%
     \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}}
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}

\addbibresource{min.bib}

\begin{document}

\citep{boisson2003unexpected} 

How it should look like: 

(Boisson et al., JBC, 2003)

\printbibliography

\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Adapting an existing biblatex style in order to imitate Springer’s author-year reference list rules for authors

[Tex/LaTex] Citing (author, journalabbr., year) needed

Related Question