Draw a diagram with different shapes with TikZ

tikz-arrowstikz-pgftikz-stylestikz-trees

How one can draw a diagram like this in Latex:

I already know how to draw transition states and things like this using \usetikzlibrary{automata, arrows.meta, positioning} but I don't know how to draw a diagram like this that has two kinds of arrows and different shapes. Thank you in advance for your help.

For the moment I have this:

\begin{tikzpicture}[every text node part/.style={align=center},shorten >=1pt,node distance=4cm,on grid,auto,squarednode/.style={rectangle, draw=black!60, fill=white!5, very thick, minimum size=5mm}]
    \node[state] (cold1) {COLD$_1$};
    \node[state] (hot1) [right=of cold1] {HOT$_1$};
    \node[squarednode] (b2) [below right=of hot1] {\textbf{B2} \\ \\ $\begin{bmatrix} P(1 | HOT) \\ P(2 | HOT) \\ P(3 | HOT) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0.2 \\ 0.4 \\ 0.4 \end{bmatrix}$};
    \node[squarednode] (b1) [below left=of cold1] {\textbf{B1} \\ \\ $\begin{bmatrix} P(1 | COLD) \\ P(2 | COLD) \\ P(3 | COLD) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0.5 \\ 0.4 \\ 0.1 \end{bmatrix}$};
    \path[-stealth, thick]
    (cold1) edge [bend left]  node {$0.5$} (hot1)
    (cold1) edge [left]  node {} (b1)
    (cold1) edge [loop above]  node {$0.5$} ()
    (hot1) edge [bend left]  node {$0.4$} (cold1)
    (hot1) edge [left]  node {} (b2)
    edge [loop above] node {$0.6$} ();
  \end{tikzpicture}

Best Answer

Something to start with.

\documentclass[tikz, border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning, automata, arrows.meta, shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
        state/.append style={minimum size=15mm},
        arr/.style={dashed,-{Latex[scale=1.5]}},
        every text node part/.style={align=center},
        shorten >=1pt,node distance=4cm,on grid,auto,
        squarednode/.style={rectangle, draw=black!60, fill=white!5, very thick, minimum size=5mm}]
        \node[state] (cold1) {$\mathrm{COLD}_1$};
        \node[state] (hot1) [right=of cold1] {$\mathrm{HOT}_2$};
        \node[squarednode] (b2) [below right=of hot1] {\textbf{B2} \\ \\ $\begin{bmatrix} P(1 \mid HOT) \\ P(2 \mid HOT) \\ P(3 \mid HOT) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0.2 \\ 0.4 \\ 0.4 \end{bmatrix}$};
        \node[squarednode] (b1) [below left=of cold1] {\textbf{B1} \\ \\ $\begin{bmatrix} P(1 \mid COLD) \\ P(2 \mid COLD) \\ P(3 \mid COLD) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0.5 \\ 0.4 \\ 0.1 \end{bmatrix}$};
        
        \path (b1) -- (b2) node[pos=0.5,below,inner sep=-5pt,draw,regular polygon,regular polygon sides=8] (s) {$\pi=[.2\,, .8]$};
        
        \path[-stealth, thick]
        (cold1) edge [bend left]  node {$0.5$} (hot1)
        (cold1) edge [arr, left]  node {} (b1)
        (cold1) edge [loop above]  node {$0.5$} ()
        (hot1) edge [bend left]  node {$0.4$} (cold1)
        (hot1) edge [arr, left]  node {} (b2)
        edge [loop above] node {$0.6$} ();
      \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

The source of the difficulty is that ellipses are constructed in a particular way in TikZ. They are paths that start from the x-axis and proceed counter-clockwise around their centre. The vast majority of the time, the exact parametrisation doesn't matter. You appear to have found the one situation where it does!

In the actual question, you only want to be able to mirror the ellipse, and so draw it starting from the negative x-axis (the title of the question suggests a more flexible approach). That's actually not too hard since we can exploit the symmetry of the ellipse. The key is to provide it with a negative x-radius, since then it will start from the negative x-axis (and proceed clockwise, but we could correct for that by negating the y-radius as well). To do this, we interrupt the call from the node shape to the drawing command and flip the sign of the x-radius. The simplest way to do this is to redefine the \pgfpathellipse macro to do the negation and then call the original macro. The following code does this.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,shapes,decorations.markings}
\makeatletter
\let\origpgfpathellipse=\pgfpathellipse
\def\revpgfpathellipse#1#2#3{%
  #2%
  \pgf@xa=-\pgf@x
  \origpgfpathellipse{#1}{\pgfqpoint{\pgf@xa}{0pt}}{#3}}
\makeatother

\tikzset{
  reversed ellipse/.style={
    ellipse,
    reverse the ellipse%
  },
  reverse the ellipse/.code={
    \let\pgfpathellipse=\revpgfpathellipse
  }
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,0) {hello world};

\node[reversed ellipse,
  draw,
  postaction={
    decorate,
    decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position 1 with {
        \arrow[line width=5pt,blue]{>}
      }
    }
  }
] at (0,-2) {hello world};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Here's the result:

rotated ellipse

(the arrow got clipped, but you can see where it lies)

[Tex/LaTex] TikZ/ERD: node (=Entity) label on the inside

I guess this is one way of doing it:

\documentclass[tikz,border=5]{standalone}

\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{
    entity/.code={
        \tikzset{
            rounded corners,             
            name=#1,
            inner sep=2pt,
            every entity/.try,
        }%
        \def\entityname{#1}%
    },
    entity anchor/.style={matrix anchor=#1},
    every entity/.style={
            draw,
    },
    every property/.style={
        inner xsep=0.20cm, inner ysep=0.075cm, anchor=west, text width=1.75in
    }
}
\def\property#1{\node[name=\entityname-#1, every property/.try]{\propertysplit#1;};}
\def\properties{\begingroup\catcode`\_=11\relax\processproperties}
\def\processproperties#1{\endgroup%
    \gdef\propertycode{}%
    \foreach \p in {#1}{%
        \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\gdef\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\propertycode%
            \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter\propertycode\expandafter\property\expandafter{\p}\\}%
    }%
    \propertycode%
}
\def\propertysplit#1:#2;{#1:\hfill#2}

\def\entitynamenode{%
\node[every entity name/.try] (\entityname-name) {\entityname};
\draw (\entityname-name.south west) -- (\entityname-name.south east);
\\[1ex]
}
\tikzset{
  every entity name/.style={every property/.try, align=center}
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={font=\ttfamily}, node distance=0.5in]
\matrix [entity=Employee] {
    \entitynamenode
    \properties{
        Username :  varchar(255),
        Password :  varchar(255),        
        Name :  varchar(255),
        LastName :  varchar(255)
    }
};
\end{tikzpicture}   

\end{document}

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Rotate a node but not its content: the case of the ellipse decoration

[Tex/LaTex] TikZ/ERD: node (=Entity) label on the inside

Related Question