MATLAB: Question about Kmeans function

kmeansStatistics and Machine Learning Toolbox

Anyone can explain this, please?
[IDX,C] = kmeans(X,k,param1,val1)
here, 'start' is as param1, Matrix is as val. It is the method used to choose the initial cluster centroid positions.
Matlab help exaplained as: "k-by-p matrix of centroid starting locations. In this case, you can pass in [] for k, and kmeans infers k from the first dimension of the matrix."
Here is function I try to use: [IDX,C]=kmeans(data,[],'Distance','sqEuclidean','emptyaction','singleton','Start',data);
Question 1: is "data" that Matrix which help talked about? Question 2: if it is, the new problem coming as below "??? Error using ==> NaN Out of memory. Type HELP MEMORY for your options.
Error in ==> kmeans at 298 if online, Del = NaN(n,k); end % reassignment criterion"
In my case, dimension of data is 334795×2.

Best Answer

The 'start' parameter defines the initial centroid locations. As the help explains, it should be k-by-p where k is the number of groups you're splitting the data into. If you use the data matrix itself, then k is the same as the number of data points! That is, your asking kmeans to group n points into n groups! The result will be that each data point is in its own group. If you have 300,000 points, you'll also run out of memory, it seems.
This is what you're trying to do:
X = rand(20,2);
g = kmeans(X,[],'start',X)
gscatter(X(:,1),X(:,2),g)
This is what you should be doing:
g = kmeans(X,[],'start',[0.25,0.75;0.25,0.25;0.75,0.25;0.75,0.75])
gscatter(X(:,1),X(:,2),g)
Note that the data (X) is 20-by-2. The starting matrix is 4-by-2, so kmeans makes 4 groups out of the 20 points.
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