The following is for R2016b or later, specifically to use a facility that allows the entire binary value to be stored into a single location, since that is how you seem to expect the output to be.
xa(1)=0;
ya(1)=0;
a=1.4;
b=0.3;
sa=0;
N = 41616;
sabinary = strings(1, N);
sabinary(1) = string('00000000');
for K = 2:N
xa(K)=1-a*(xa(K-1)^2)+ya(K-1);
ya(K)=b*xa(K-1);
sa(K) = mod (ya(K)* (10^12) , 256);
sabinary(K) = string(dec2bin(round(sa(K) * (2^10)), 8));
end
sa_recovered = bin2dec(sabinary) / 2^10;
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