MATLAB: [fmincon] How should I write an objective function which links to other functions rather than directly using “x”

fminconMATLABmultiple input setsnonlinear constraintnonlinear objective

Hello,
I have a problem about writing an objective function. How should I write the objective function that links to other functions of which x is expressed in order to pass the decision variable x to fmincon ? Below is an example
%Objective File
function TotCost=objfuntion(x)
global CapCost FuCost Demand % CapCost FuCost and Demand will be reused in constraint file
x0=100*ones(12,1);
x=x0;
%MW and CF are real decision variables
MW=reshape(x(1:6,1),[3,2]);%convert a part of vector x to the matrix of variable "MW" dimension 3x2
CF=reshape(x(7:12,1),[3,2]);%convert the rest of vector x to the matrix of variable "CF" dimension 3x2
U=[2 3 4];
V=[3.5; 2.5; 1.5];
W=repmat(V,1,2);
S=[1 3 5]; 
CapCost=sum(U*(MW.^W));
FuCost=sum(S*(MW.*CF/100));
Demand=sum(sum(MW.*CF/100,1));
TotCost = CapCost+FuCost; %objective function
lb=zeros(12,1);
MWMax = [200; 300; 400];
CFMax = [85; 75; 45];
ub=[MWMax; MWMax; CFMax; CFMax];
options=optimset('MaxFunEvals',Inf,'MaxIter',5000,'Algorithm','interior-point');
[x,fval,exitflag,output]=fmincon(@objfuntion,x0,[],[],[],[],lb,ub,@confuntion,options)
%Constraint File
function [c,ceq]=confuntion(x)
global CapCost FuCost Demand
c=[500-Demand; CapCost-20000000; FuCost-1500];
ceq=[];
TotCost is the objective function which I want to minimize.
By coding like this, I got an error saying "Failure in initial user-supplied objective function evaluation. FMINCON cannot continue"
Any comment is appreciated !!
Thank you

Best Answer

x should represent your decision variables. If you have a 3-by-2 matrix of values MW, and a 3-by-2 set of values CF, then these values should all be in x. Your initial few lines of code implement this in a way that overwrites the passed value of x:
function TotCost=objfuntion(x)
global CapCost FuCost Demand % CapCost FuCost and Demand will be reused in constraint file
x0=100*ones(12,1);
x=x0;
The line x = x0 overwrites x and ensures that your optimization fails.
Instead of using global variables, I suggest that you use a nested function to keep variables in scope without polluting your code or workspace with globals.
And you forgot to include the global declaration in your nonlinear constraint file, reinforcing the point that globals are usually not a good idea.
Alan Weiss
MATLAB mathematical toolbox documentation
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