In %16.8f, 16 is the minimum number of total characters to print for the value and 8 is the number of digits to print after the decimal point. For a number close to 1, e.g., 16 characters will be printed (some are leading blanks). For a number that is very large, more than 16 characters will be printed (whatever it takes to print all the leading digits, plus the 8 digits after the decimal point).
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