[Tex/LaTex] Vertical table lines are discontinuous with booktabs

booktabsrulestables

I created a table in LaTeX, but there are some problems with the borders. The borders remain open whereas I want them closed. Also, in the last row, I want the vertical line gone, ie I want just one column in the last row. Can someone please fix it? Here are my code and my table:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}

 \begin{document}

 \begin{table} [h!]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Parameters  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Model 1} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Model 2}\\ 
    \midrule

&  Coefficient & 95\% CI
&   Coefficient & 95\% CI \\ 
    \midrule

   $\beta_{concern_2}$  &   $0.190^{\ast}$ & (0.113, 0.268) & 0.171 & (0.100, 0.241)\\
   $\beta_{concern_3}$   &  0.117 &  (0.043, 0.191)  & 0.117 & (0.050, 0.183)\\ 
    $\beta_{concern_4}$ & 0.210  &  (0.139, 0.281)  & 0.190 & (0.127, 0.253)\\ 
     $\beta_{concern_5}$ & 0.204 & (0.135, 0.273)   & 0.111 & ( 0.049, 0.173)\\  
    $\beta_{breath_2}$  &  0.157 & (0.07,8 0.236) & 0.208 & (0.136, 0.280) \\
     $\beta_{breath_3}$ & 0.115 & (0.041, 0.189) & 0.100 & (0.034, 0.166) \\
    $\beta_{breath_4}$ & 0.236 &  (0.160, 0.311) & 0.301 & ( 0.234, 0.368)\\  
    $\beta_{breath_5}$ & 0.092 & (0.020, 0.163) & 0.079 & (0.015, 0.144) \\
   $\beta_{weath_2}$  &   0.164 & ( 0.092, 0.236) & 0.137 & (0.071, 0.203) \\
    $\beta_{weath_3}$  & 0.160 &  (0.089, 0.231) & 0.199 & (0.135, 0.263) \\
   $\beta_{weath_4}$ &  0.141 & (0.067, 0.215) & 0.133 & (0.066, 0.199) \\
    $\beta_{weath_5}$ & 0.176 & (0.103, 0.249) &  0.257 & (0.191, 0.323)\\ 
    $\beta_{sleep_2}$  & 0.111 & (0.036, 0.187) & 0.135 & (0.068 0.203)  \\ 
    $\beta_{sleep_3}$  & 0.110 & (0.036 0.184) & 0.176 &  0.110 0.242 \\   
    $\beta_{sleep_4}$  &  0.131 & (0.056 0.205 & 0.162 & 0.095 0.229 \\  
    $\beta_{sleep_5}$  & 0.011 & (-0.064, 0.086) & 0.034 & (-0.033, 0.101) \\ 
    $\beta_{act_2}$ &  0.135 & (0.060, 0.209) & 0.033 & (-0.033, 0.100) \\
    $\beta_{act_3}  $ &0.195 & (0.121, 0.269) & 0.203 & ( 0.137, 0.268)\\  
    $\beta_{act_4}  $ & 0.214 & ( 0.139, 0.290) & 0.254 & (0.186 0.321) \\ 
    $\beta_{act_5}  $ & 0.224 & (0.154, 0.294) & 0.158 & (0.095, 0.221) \\
\hline
    & *statistically significant at 5\% level \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Regression Coefficients of model 1 and model 2 }
\label{beta}
\end{center}
\end{table}

 \end{document}

Best Answer

That's by design: the author of booktabs hates vertical rules in tables and I fully agree with him. You could act on spacing parameters, namely

\abovetopsep (0pt by default), used above a \toprule
\belowbottomsep (0pt by default), used below a \bottomrule
\aboverulesep (0.4ex by default), used above a \midrule, \cmidrule or \bottomrule
\belowrulesep (0.65ex by default), used below a \midrule, \cmidrule or \toprule

They are all rigid length (no plus or minus specifications are allowed and they wouldn't make sense anyway).

By (locally) setting these parameters to zero, the vertical rules will match, but it would simpler not to use booktabs commands at all: the heavier \toprule and \bottomrule would be completely out of place.

Don't use vertical rules and the appearance of your table will improve immediately.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}
\newcolumntype{L}{>{$}l<{$}}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{$}c<{$}}
\newcolumntype{R}{>{$}r<{$}}
\newcommand{\nm}[1]{\textnormal{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{table} [h!]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{LCRCR}
\toprule
\multicolumn{1}{l}{Parameters} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Model 1}    &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Model 2}    \\ 
\cmidrule(lr){2-3}
\cmidrule(lr){4-5}

&
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% CI}     &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% CI}     \\
\midrule

\beta_{\nm{concern}_2} & 0.190\makebox[0pt][l]{$^{\ast}$} 
                               & ( 0.113, 0.268) & 0.171 & ( 0.100, 0.241) \\
\beta_{\nm{concern}_3} & 0.117 & ( 0.043, 0.191) & 0.117 & ( 0.050, 0.183) \\
\beta_{\nm{concern}_4} & 0.210 & ( 0.139, 0.281) & 0.190 & ( 0.127, 0.253) \\
\beta_{\nm{concern}_5} & 0.204 & ( 0.135, 0.273) & 0.111 & ( 0.049, 0.173) \\  
\beta_{\nm{breath}_2}  & 0.157 & ( 0.078, 0.236) & 0.208 & ( 0.136, 0.280) \\
\beta_{\nm{breath}_3}  & 0.115 & ( 0.041, 0.189) & 0.100 & ( 0.034, 0.166) \\
\beta_{\nm{breath}_4}  & 0.236 & ( 0.160, 0.311) & 0.301 & ( 0.234, 0.368) \\
\beta_{\nm{breath}_5}  & 0.092 & ( 0.020, 0.163) & 0.079 & ( 0.015, 0.144) \\
\beta_{\nm{weath}_2}   & 0.164 & ( 0.092, 0.236) & 0.137 & ( 0.071, 0.203) \\
\beta_{\nm{weath}_3}   & 0.160 & ( 0.089, 0.231) & 0.199 & ( 0.135, 0.263) \\
\beta_{\nm{weath}_4}   & 0.141 & ( 0.067, 0.215) & 0.133 & ( 0.066, 0.199) \\
\beta_{\nm{weath}_5}   & 0.176 & ( 0.103, 0.249) & 0.257 & ( 0.191, 0.323) \\
\beta_{\nm{sleep}_2}   & 0.111 & ( 0.036, 0.187) & 0.135 & ( 0.068, 0.203) \\ 
\beta_{\nm{sleep}_3}   & 0.110 & ( 0.036, 0.184) & 0.176 & ( 0.110, 0.242) \\   
\beta_{\nm{sleep}_4}   & 0.131 & ( 0.056, 0.205) & 0.162 & ( 0.095, 0.229) \\  
\beta_{\nm{sleep}_5}   & 0.011 & (-0.064, 0.086) & 0.034 & (-0.033, 0.101) \\ 
\beta_{\nm{act}_2}     & 0.135 & ( 0.060, 0.209) & 0.033 & (-0.033, 0.100) \\
\beta_{\nm{act}_3}     & 0.195 & ( 0.121, 0.269) & 0.203 & ( 0.137, 0.268) \\  
\beta_{\nm{act}_4}     & 0.214 & ( 0.139, 0.290) & 0.254 & ( 0.186, 0.321) \\ 
\beta_{\nm{act}_5}     & 0.224 & ( 0.154, 0.294) & 0.158 & ( 0.095, 0.221) \\
\midrule[\heavyrulewidth]
\multicolumn{5}{l}{\footnotesize$^*$ statistically significant at 5\% level} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{Regression Coefficients of model 1 and model 2}\label{beta}
\end{table}



\end{document}

I've made some notable changes.

The subscripts are upright, being words
The alignment is improved by using features of the table itself; for instance, the third and fifth column are right aligned because of the minus signs only in the first coordinate; it wouldn't be so if the minus sign appeared also in the second coordinate or the headers had been wider.
With \cmidrule it's easier to show how the headers group the columns.
A trick is used for avoiding the * to take up space.
An array trick is used for setting all columns in math mode, ensuring that the minus signs are printed as such.
\centering is used instead of the center environment (that adds vertical space).

enter image description here

If you need to change "95% CI" to "95% Bayesian Interval", the best is to split the long phrase into two lines: modify the block

\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% CI}     &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% CI}     \\
\midrule

into

\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% Bayesian} &
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Coefficient} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{95\% Bayesian} \\
                                & Interval                          &
                                & Interval                          \\
\midrule

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Default value for \addlinespace from booktabs

use it this way:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array,booktabs}

\newcommand\myVSpace[1][10pt]{\rule[\normalbaselineskip]{0pt}{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{tabular}{|c|p{0.66\textwidth}|}\hline
\myVSpace\textbf{Title} & \textbf{A}\\[\defaultaddspace]
Row & B\\\hline
\myVSpace[20pt]Row & B\\\hline
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

or do not use booktabs and then \\[10pt] instead. enter image description here

The image shows how the optional argument of \rule works. I used \rule[...]{10pt}{#1} to make the box visible

[Tex/LaTex] Vertical lines are being broken up (disrupted) by the horizontal booktabs lines

You can use the \extrarowheight command from the array package to stretch all the rows. Otherwise you can define your own "strut" command to enlarge a single row. The code below is based on array's strut box. If you are using vertical lines, then us it on the sides also.

EDIT: There is also the bigstrut package

I have also include an example how to do it properly with booktabs

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}
    %\setlength{\extrarowheight}{1pt}
\usepackage{booktabs} %for top, middle and bottomline
\usepackage{bigstrut}
    \setlength\bigstrutjot{3pt}

\makeatletter
\newlength\mylena
\newlength\mylenb
\newcommand\mystrut[1][2]{%
    \setlength\mylena{#1\ht\@arstrutbox}%
    \setlength\mylenb{#1\dp\@arstrutbox}%
    \rule[\mylenb]{0pt}{\mylena}}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\noindent With mystrut\par
\bigskip
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}
\hline
    \mystrut   & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Result}\\
\cline{2-3}
    \mystrut
    Characteristic    & Seaweed isolate & Coral isolate  \\
\hline
    \mystrut
    Cell shape        & Rod             & Rod\\
    Gram stain        & $-$             & $-$\\
    Oxidase           & $+$             & $-$\\
    Catalase          & $+$             & $-$\\
    MSA               & Growth          & No growth\\
    Anaerobic         & Growth (weak)   & No growth\\
    Motility          &                 & \\
    Indole production &                 & \\
    Hugh \& Leifsons  &                 & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\bigskip
\noindent With bigstrut\par
\bigskip
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}
\hline
    \bigstrut   & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Result}\\
\cline{2-3}
    \bigstrut
    Characteristic    & Seaweed isolate & Coral isolate  \\
\hline
    \bigstrut[t]
    Cell shape        & Rod             & Rod\\
    Gram stain        & $-$             & $-$\\
    Oxidase           & $+$             & $-$\\
    Catalase          & $+$             & $-$\\
    MSA               & Growth          & No growth\\
    Anaerobic         & Growth (weak)   & No growth\\
    Motility          &                 & \\
    Indole production &                 & \\
    \bigstrut[b]
    Hugh \& Leifsons  &                 & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\bigskip
\noindent With booktabs\par
\bigskip
\begin{tabular}{@{}lcc@{}}
\toprule
                      & \multicolumn{2}{c@{}}{Result}\\
\cmidrule(l){2-3}
     Characteristic   & Seaweed isolate & Coral isolate \\
\cmidrule( r){1-1}
\cmidrule(lr){2-2}
\cmidrule(l ){3-3}
    Cell shape        & Rod             & Rod\\
    Gram stain        & $-$             & $-$\\
    Oxidase           & $+$             & $-$\\
    Catalase          & $+$             & $-$\\
    MSA               & Growth          & No growth\\
    Anaerobic         & Growth (weak)   & No growth\\
    Motility          &                 & \\
    Indole production &                 & \\
    Hugh \& Leifsons  &                 & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

The output is

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Default value for \addlinespace from booktabs

[Tex/LaTex] Vertical lines are being broken up (disrupted) by the horizontal booktabs lines

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