[Tex/LaTex] Using biblatex to modify specific citation commands depending on reference type

biblatex

I need to modify specific citation commands to use certain fields, and not others, depending on the type of reference being cited. Is there a way to do this using BibLaTeX (with a bibtex backend)?

Specifically, I would like to redefine

\citeyearpar for patents so that it prints just the patent number (and no parentheses), and
\citealp for patents so that it prints the patent number with the abbreviated country name associated with the patent type (from § 4.9.2.19 of the BibLaTeX documentation; e.g. "US") prepended (no space);

and I would like to define some additional (helper) citations including

\citepatass to print the assignee,
\citepatissue to print the issue date, and
\citepatlabel to a long identifying the issuing country, e.g. "U.S. Patent".

For a variety of reasons I need to limit the citation commands I use (primarily) to the natbib commands (e.g. \citep, \citet and all the others listed in § 3.6.9 of the BibLaTeX documentation). Generally I will be using the verbose style for both citations and my bibliography.

Additionally I'd like for citations of patents after the first to behave like the commands show the patent number rather than shortened verbose output.

\documentclass[nobib]{tufte-handout}
\RequirePackage{xpatch}     % For the patches below
\RequirePackage{hyphenat}   % See -- http://code.google.com/p/tufte-latex/issues/detail?id=60
\RequirePackage[
    backend=bibtex, 
    natbib=true, 
    bibstyle=verbose, citestyle=verbose,    % bibstyle extensively modifed below
    doi=true, url=true,                     % excluded from citations below
    citecounter=true, citetracker=true,
    block=space, 
    backref=true, backrefstyle=two,
    abbreviate=false            % Ideally, I'd like to abbreviate the patent locations, but nothing else
]{biblatex}

% For tufte-like behavior (I never use \cite itself); see -- http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/47763/7844
% Not directly related to the question but included for completeness
\let\citep\footcite 

% Some reordering and exclusions; see -- http://tex.stackexchange.com/q/46804/7844
% Not directly related to the question but included for completeness
\newbibmacro*{addendum+pubstate+pageref}{%
    \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
    \clearfield{addendum}%
    \clearfield{pubstate}%
    \setunit{\bibpagerefpunct}\newblock
    \usebibmacro{pageref}%
    \clearlist{pageref}%
    \setunit{\adddot\par\nobreak}}

\xpretobibmacro{doi+eprint+url}{\usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate+pageref}}{}{}
\xpretobibmacro{eprint}{\usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate+pageref}}{}{}
\xpretobibmacro{url+urldate}{\usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate+pageref}}{}{}


% Better patent numbers, from -- http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/45584/7844
% Not directly related to the question but included for completeness
\def\mkcommasep#1#2#3#4#5#6{#1#2#3,#4#5#6}
\DeclareFieldFormat[patent]{number}{\mkcommasep#1}

\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@book{edisonbook1,
     author = {Edison, Thomas},
     title = {I'm too busy inventing to write books},
     year = {1920}}
@book{edisonbook2,
     author = {Edison, Thomas},
     title = {Another book I don't have the time to write},
     year = {1921}}
@patent{edisonpatant1,
    author = {Edison, Thomas},
    title = {My first great invention},
    type={patentus},location={countryus},
    month = jan, year = {1911},
    number = {266701}}
@patent{edisonpatant2,
    author = {Edison, Thomas},
    title = {A second fantastic invention}, 
    type={patentus},location={countryus},
    month = feb, year = {1912},
    number = {266702}}
@patent{edisonpatant3,
    author = {Edison, Thomas},
    title = {A third remarkable contraption},   
    type={patentus},location={countryus},
    month = mar, year = {1913},
    number = {266703},
    year = {1913}}
\end{filecontents}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}
\subsection*{Some things that already work correctly}
This citation\citep{edisonpatant1} of an \citeauthor{edisonpatant1} patent works pretty much as desired. Note that I use \texttt{citep} to generate citations as footnotes. While other \texttt{natbib} citations commands do not.\footnote{This is necessary so that they can be used in footnotes. For example, citing \citealt{edisonpatant2} here embeds the verbose description; similarly for the author (\citeauthor{edisonpatant2}) or the year for a non-patent (\citeyear{edisonbook1})}. 
\subsection*{Basic patent-related citation changes}
I'd like to use at least one of the basic \texttt{natbib} macros that do not produce verbose output to print the  \textit{patent number}, in place of its default behavior. For example, instead of the year, for \texttt{citeyear}, instead of "\citeyear{edisonpatant1,edisonpatant2,edisonpatant3}" I want to have "266,701; 266,7021; 266,703". Additionally I'd like to co-opt another command (perhaps  \texttt{citealp}) to work similarly, but prepend the type string, e.g. US 266,701; US 266,7021; US 266,703". I realize that there are issues with combining such output with the normal behavior of these macros, and am happy to accept an error if patents are combined with non-patents in a single such macro invocation.
\subsection*{Patent behavior for subsequent citations}
Finally, I'd like for citations of patents after the first to behave like the commands above: they should show the patent number\footnote{US 266,701} rather than the normal shortened verbose output\citep{edisonpatant1}.
\subsection*{But wait, there's more}
While I'm at it (and only because perhaps it's easier to do in context of these modifications), I'd like to abbreviate \textit{only} the location in the bibliography (even with \texttt{abbreviate=false} in the options to \texttt{biblatex}), and omit location entirely from citations.
\printbibliography
\end{document}

Best Answer

Citation commands should be able to cope with multiple keys in their mandatory argument, and those keys may be of different entry types. Also, the \citeyearpar command will wrap its output (the content of one or multiple year fields) into a single set of parentheses. Therefore I don't think it's a good idea (though it may be possible) to redefine \citeyearpar according to the entry type of one of its multiple keys. Instead, I suggest to define a \citenumber macro which resembles \citeyearpar, but prints the content of the number field(s) and omits the surrounding parentheses.

Your suggested redefinition of \citealp faces an additional obstacle: The country name strings of section 4.9.2.19 of the biblatex manual are used in the patent's location field, but this field is optional and (as a list field) allows multiple entries, so the output of a possible \citelocnumber macro may not be as pretty as you expect.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[style=verbose,backend=bibtex8,natbib=true]{biblatex}

\DeclareCiteCommand{\citepatnumber}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\ifentrytype{patent}{\printfield{number}}{\GenericError{}{Not a patent entry}{}{}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand{\citepatlocnumber}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\printlist[][-\value{listtotal}]{location}%
   \ifentrytype{patent}{\printfield{number}}{\GenericError{}{Not a patent entry}{}{}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}

\begin{document}

\citepatnumber{kowalik,almendro}

\citepatlocnumber{kowalik,almendro}

% Commenting the following in will raise a generic error
% \citepatnumber{knuth:ct:a}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

enter image description here

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Biblatex / Biber full citation for first occurrence only

Using a modified tufte-common.def file you can create tufte-latex documents with biblatex. A limitation is that tufte-latex modifies footnotes. So biblatex features such as \smartcite inside footnotes and footnote detection with \iffootnote may not work as intended. Most of this has already been covered in another post.

As for the citation style, you can get most of the way there with some edits to the textcite bibliography macro and \smartcite. Both of these are defined in numeric.cbx.

\documentclass[nobib]{tufte-handout}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage[american]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=numeric,citetracker=true,autocite=footnote]{biblatex}

\makeatletter

% If not seen, avoid compact lists and print full citation
\renewbibmacro*{textcite}{%
  \ifciteseen
    {}
    {\clearfield{namehash}}%
  \iffieldequals{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}
    {\multicitedelim}
    {\cbx@tempa
     \ifciteseen
       {\ifnameundef{labelname}
          {\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}
          {\printnames{labelname}}}
       {\usedriver
          {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}%
           \clearfield{pages}%
           \clearfield{pagetotal}}
          {\thefield{entrytype}}}%
     \addspace\bibopenbracket}%
  \ifnumequal{\value{citecount}}{1}
    {\usebibmacro{prenote}}
    {}%
  \usebibmacro{cite}%
  \savefield{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}%
  \gdef\cbx@tempa{\bibclosebracket\multicitedelim}}

% Make \smartcite like \textcite
\DeclareCiteCommand{\smartcite}[\iffootnote\mkbibbrackets\mkbibfootnote]
  {\let\cbx@tempa=\empty
   \undef\cbx@lasthash}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \usebibmacro{textcite}}
  {}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}%
   \bibclosebracket}

\makeatother

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
One of the most prominent and distinctive features of this style is the
extensive use of sidenotes \autocites(See)()[10--15]{knuth:ct:a}[10]{companion}.
There is a wide margin to provide ample room for sidenotes and small figures
\autocite{knuth:ct:a,knuth:ct:b}. Any footnotes will automatically be converted to
sidenotes.\footnote{Results from \textcite{knuth:ct:a,knuth:ct:b,companion} showed
that...}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

enter image description here

Some notes:

The autocite=footnote option setting makes \autocite use \smartcite as its backend citation command.
The \ifciteseen test needs citation tracking enabled. In the example global tracking is enabled via citetracker=true. Alternative settings are possible. Refer to the manual for details.
Full citations are printed with \usedriver. The first argument to this command allows you to hook code in before printing. This is a good place to suppress fields with \clearfield and friends. In the example, I suppress the pages and pagetotal fields to avoid confusion with page references in postnotes.
In numeric, \textcite generates compact citation lists. This complicates printing full citations. The edits to textcite take an easy way out by simply replacing the labelname or labeltitle with the full citation.
The numeric style isn't particularly suited to this customization. Refer to the verbose style or any of its variants for some better alternatives.

[Tex/LaTex] Citing author inline and year in footnote using biblatex

Second solution

Edited again, so most multicite commands work.

Edited so \footcite now works.

A reasonably effective solution that preserves many of biblatex's featuers is provided by adjusting the way the year gets printed in citations. This can be done by redifining the commands associated to cite:year and cite:extrayear. This has the advantage of preserving the ibidem feature.

The code below includes a sample bibliography and then the main file with the redefined citation code.

\begin{filecontents}{test.bib}
@Article{Test,
author = {Author, A. N.},
title = {Article title},
year = 2005,
pages = {10-20},
journal = {Jour.},
vol = {100}
}
@Article{Test2,
author = {Author, A. N.},
title = {Second article},
year = 2005,
pages = {10-20},
journal = {Jour.},
vol = {100}
}
@Article{Test3,
author = {Author, A. B.},
title = {Third article},
year = 2005,
pages = {10-20},
journal = {Jour.},
vol = {100}
}
@Article{Test4,
author = {Author, A. N.},
title = {Fourth article},
year = 2007,
pages = {10-20},
journal = {Jour.},
vol = {100}
}
\end{filecontents}

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[style=authoryear-icomp,autocite=plain]{biblatex}

\addbibresource{test.bib}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:labelyear+extrayear}{%
  \iffieldundef{labelyear}
    {}
    {\iftoggle{blx@footnote}
      {\printtext[bibhyperref]{%
       \printfield{labelyear}%
       \printfield{extrayear}}}
      {\footnote{\printtext[bibhyperref]{%
       \printfield{labelyear}%
       \printfield{extrayear}}}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:extrayear}{%
  \iffieldundef{extrayear}
    {}
    {\iftoggle{blx@footnote}
      {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield{extrayear}}}%
      {\footnote{\printtext[bibhyperref]{%
      \printfield{labelyear}%
      \printfield{extrayear}}}}}}

\renewcommand{\compcitedelim}{\space}

\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\autocite{Test} and
\autocite[page 3]{Test}.
Some text \parencite{Test2}.

Here is a footnote citation\footcite{Test}.

\autocite{Test,Test4,Test3}.

\printbibliography
\end{document}

Sample output

As the above shows this works with \autocite, \parencite and accepts their optional arguments. In this style \autocite is the same as \cite.

I haven't demonstrated \textcite, though its ouptut may be useful sometimes; \footcite has also been set up to work, thanks to biblatex's blx@footnote toggle that detects whether we are in a footnote or not.

The code also takes care of most multiple citations \cite{ref1,ref2}. However, there is a spurious comma, if ref1 and ref2 are two publications from the same author in the same year. Fixing that requires, more substanitial rewriting of the citation style file: each of the commands \cite, \textcite, etc. in author-icomp.cbx contains an explicit comma via \setunit{\addcomma}, that needs to be deleted.

Original solution

Here is a repost of the original solution, as this apparently helps the OP best. It simply defines a newcommand \citepfy (plain-foot-year) that calls \citeauthor followed by a modified \footcite command that produces only the year. It does not accept any of the optional arguments cite commands in biblatex usually do.

\begin{filecontents}{b.bib}
@Article{Test,
author = {Author, A. N.},
title = {Article title},
year = 2005,
pages = {10-20},
journal = {Jour.},
vol = {100}
}
\end{filecontents}

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[style=authoryear-icomp]{biblatex}

\addbibresource{b.bib}

\newcommand{\citepfy}[1]{\citeauthor{#1}\footyearcite{#1}}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\footyearcite}[\mkbibfootnote]
  {\usebibmacro{cite:init}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \usebibmacro{citeyear}}
  {}
  {\usebibmacro{cite:postnote}}

\begin{document}
\citepfy{Test}
\printbibliography
\end{document}