I would like to specify a particular global setting in my thesis, so that every time I use the space tab in my keyboard, I get the exact same appearance in my latex document. As of now, that is not the case. I see marked discrepancies in the generated PDF file, even though upon checking the source .tex file I can see that the spacing is uniform. I would greatly appreciate any useful tips.
[Tex/LaTex] uniform spacing between words and sentences
spacing
Related Solutions
the spacing is the least of the problems, the letters are all wrong as well. The math italic font has wide side-bearings specifically so that adjacent letters do not look like letters forming a word but rather the usual mathematical use as implied multiplication of separate variables. To use a multi-letter identifier you need to use a text font, then inter-word spacing will automatically work as well, although you would need to use \quad or a similar space if embedding the text in math mode..
if $f x > 3$ then $42$ else $y$
or if you need to embed it in display math
\[ \textrm{if} \quad f x > 3 \quad \textrm{then} \quad 42 \textrm{else} \quad y \]
Your preamble has several sins; but that's not the problem. If you type
\fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.150,angle=0]{imagefilename.eps}}
TeX will add a frame and you'll realize that the figure has wide blank space around the main part:
How can you do? Add the trim option; I tried
\includegraphics[scale=0.150,trim=300 450 300 500,clip]{imagefilename.eps}
and the result is
(still with \fbox to show better the image, remove it when you're satisfied). The four parameters are the length (in PostScript points) to trim from the four sides in the order “left bottom right top”.
Here's a polished version of your document with some comments.
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper,twoside,openany]{report}
%%% language part
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}
%%% page geometry
\usepackage[left=2.5cm,top=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,bottom=2.5cm]{geometry}
%%% fonts
\usepackage{mathptmx} % times is obsolete
\usepackage{courier}
\usepackage{eufrak}
%%% misc packages
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{caption}
%%% bibliography package
\usepackage[longnamesfirst,super]{natbib}
%%% settings
\setcitestyle{square}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\thechapter .\ #1}{}}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection .\ #1}{}}
\fancyhf{} % clear all fields
\fancyhead[LE]{\sffamily\leftmark}
\fancyhead[RO]{\sffamily \rightmark}
\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.0pt}
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.25}
\setlength{\headheight}{14.5pt}
\captionsetup{font={small,sf}}
\setlength{\parindent}{1cm} %%% WHY?
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\fbox{\includegraphics[scale=0.150,trim=300 450 300 500,clip]{imagefilename.eps}}
\caption{This text is the image caption for the image showed. Note that this text
is too separated from the image above.}
\label{image}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
The packages times and epsfig are obsolete; the second one should never be used, to substitute the first one load mathptmx or, better
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath}
The option dvips should never be passed to graphicx.
For changing the font of captions, use the caption package. Don't put figure inside a center environment and don't use center inside, but the simple declaration \centering.
Best Answer
The TeX program does not really use spaces in its output. Unless told to do otherwise (e.g.,
\obeyspaces), it actually discards the spaces that you type when it processes your file. Then TeX puts words and sentences into boxes and stretches or shrinks the amount of "glue" between them until they form lines, paragraphs, and pages that satisfy the program's algorithms to meet a standard for a well-formed page. This is one of the primary functions of the program, but you can disable it.If you are really serious about not having any spacing adjustments between words or sentences, then use a monospaced (typewriter) font,
\frenchspacingbetween sentences, and\raggedrightalignment.Another option would be just to use a typewriter! :)