[Tex/LaTex] Splitting a set over two lines

line-breaking

I am trying to include the following in my document:

$$\mathcal{C} = \{84, 156, 204, 228, 276, 312, 348, 372, 408, 440, 444, 456, 468, 492, 555, 696, 708, 732, 744, 780, 804, 816, 828, 852, 876, 888, 912, 920, 936, 948, 952, 984, 996\}$$.

However, it continues on one line. How do I fix this so it splits into multiple lines? If possible, I would like the parenthesis to surround all lines.

Best Answer

You can let TeX compute the line breaks.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{xparse}

\usepackage{lipsum} % just for the example

\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\longset}{mm}
 {
  \begin{gathered}
  \egreg_longset:nn { #1 } { #2 }
  \end{gathered}
 }

\box_new:N \l_egreg_longset_set_box
\seq_new:N \l_egreg_longset_elements_seq

\cs_new_protected:Nn \egreg_longset:nn
 {
  % measure the left hand side (with the open brace)
  \hbox_set:Nn \l_egreg_longset_set_box { $#1=\lbrace\,$ }
  % typeset the left hand side and the open brace
  #1 = \lbrace\,
  % add a minipage, the width is \displaywidth, minus the left hand side
  % minus 4em to have space for the equation number
  \begin{minipage}[t]
   {
    \dim_eval:n { \displaywidth - \box_wd:N \l_egreg_longset_set_box - 4em }
   }
  % add some stretching to \thinmuskip
  \muskip_set:Nn \thinmuskip { 1\thinmuskip plus 5mu }
  % split the input at commas
  \seq_set_from_clist:Nn \l_egreg_longset_elements_seq { #2 }
  % use the items, adding back the comma, followed by a penalty
  % so a line break can be taken
  $\seq_use:Nn \l_egreg_longset_elements_seq { , \penalty0~ }\,\rbrace$
  % the end
  \end{minipage}
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\begin{document}

\lipsum*[2]
\begin{equation*}
\longset{\mathcal{C}}{
  84, 156, 204, 228, 276, 312, 348, 372, 408, 440, 444, 456, 468, 492,
  555, 696, 708,732, 744, 780, 804, 816, 828, 852, 876, 888, 912, 920,
  936, 948, 952, 984, 996
}
\end{equation*}
\lipsum*[3]
\begin{equation}
\longset{\mathcal{C}}{
  84, 156, 204, 228, 276, 312, 348, 372, 408, 440, 444, 456, 468, 492,
  555, 696, 708,732, 744, 780, 804, 816, 828, 852, 876, 888, 912, 920,
  936, 948, 952, 984, 996
}
\end{equation}
\lipsum[4]

\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to split an equation over two (or more) lines

Use either breqn to break lines automatically or use amsmath and its many environments exactly for this purpose. For example, with breqn:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{breqn}
\begin{document}
\begin{dmath}
  Q(\lambda,\hat{\lambda}) = -\frac{1}{2} P{(O \mid \lambda )} \sum_s \sum_m \sum_t \gamma_m^{(s)} (t) \left( n \log(2 \pi ) + \log \left| C_m^{(s)} \right| + \left( \mathbf{o}_t - \hat{\mu}_m^{(s)} \right) ^T C_m^{(s)-1} \left(\mathbf{o}_t - \hat{\mu}_m^{(s)}\right) \right)
\end{dmath}
\end{document}

Note, the expression around \mid required braces to prevent it from breaking at this point; I'm sure there is a better way to do that; anyway, here's the output:

rendered

With amsmath, you need to specify the break points manually: (as others have also mentioned)

\usepackage{amsmath}
...
\begin{multline}
  A+B+C+ \\ +D+E+F 
\end{multline}

The users guide to amsmath is called amsldoc.pdf, but you can access it by typing texdoc amsmath on the command line. The main environments you'll use there would be align, split, and multline.

[Tex/LaTex] How to split optimisation problem over two lines

If you need to break up the conditions of the minimization problem across two or more lines, the following will work:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation*}
  \min_{\substack{A,B\\ 0\le A\le T \\ 
     D+X+W-S\ge 0}}
  \Bigl(I+X+W-E-\bigl(X+k(A-B)\bigr)\Bigr)
\end{equation*}
\end{document}

enter image description here

If you want the minimization conditions to be spread over just two lines, replace the first \\ with ;\ and you'd get:

enter image description here

Addendum, posted after receiving a clarification from the OP: If, rather, the objective is to break up the argument of the minimization problem (I must confess I'd overlooked the comma in the earlier MWEs), the following should be of interest:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\setlength\textwidth{2in} % simulate a narrow column
\begin{document}
\begin{multline*}
  \min_{\mathclap{\substack{A,B\\ 0\le A\le T \\ D+X+W-S\ge 0}}}
     \big(I+X+W-E,\\[-5ex]
     X+k(A-B)\big)
\end{multline*}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to split an equation over two (or more) lines

[Tex/LaTex] How to split optimisation problem over two lines

Related Question