math-modemath-operatorsspacing
I know that \mathop{...} is used to give some space on the both sides of the binary operator. Could anyone tell what to use to give some space only on the right hand side of an unary math operator?
Edit1: for instance, i want to define a function NOT b such that NOT true returns false, and NOT false returns true. How could I space NOT and b under math mode?
algorithmicxYou can define your own keywords when using the algorithmicx package. Section 3.1.10 Changing command names of the package documentation discusses the use of \algnewcommand/\algrenewcommand that you can use to create a new command/change existing formatting. The following two images are taken directly from the package documentation:
algorithm2eYou can also define your own keywords using the algorithm2e package. Section 10 To define your own language keywords of the package documentation discusses this in detail. Specifically, you use commands like
\SetKwInput and \SetKwOutput for algorithm input / output definition\SetKw for keyword definitions\SetKwBlock for block definitions\SetKwFunction for function / procedure definitions\SetKwComment for comment definitions\SetKwIf for if-statement definitions\SetKwSwitch for multiple condition selection definitions\SetKwFor for for loop definitions\SetKwRepeat for repeat / while definitionslistingsThen there's the listings package that allows just as much modification. Keyword definitions are specified via styles and/or languages. Read the highly detailed package documentation for more information on this.
tabbingThe above use some rich programming directives from package that probably require a lot of reading. In the special case where you "just want to write a couple of lines of code and format stuff your own way", you could use the tabbing environment. This is either provided by LaTeX (as default) or by the tabbing package. The tabbing package documentation gives some motivation for using it, but that's up to you.
A typical tabbing environment would resemble
\begin{tabbing}
<space> \= <space> \= <space> \= <space> \= \kill
no indent \> \> more text \\
\> one indent \> \\
....
....
\end{tabbing}
where the tab stops a indicated by \= and jumped to by using \>. It is best to put empty spacing in the first row (via \hspace{<space>}, \quad, \qquad or \phantom{<stuff>}), since a first-line \kill is provided (as opposed to \\[-\baselineskip]) to prevent the first line from being typeset. This ensures that the actual tabbing typesetting starts in the first row.
The advantage here is that you can format your code the way you want, without any special package "interrupting" your style or other preferences. Given your example, here is what I would do (without using \multicol):
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{calc}% For length calculations
\begin{document}
\newlength{\mylen}%
\setlength{\mylen}{\linewidth-2\fboxsep-2\fboxrule}%
\fbox{\begin{minipage}{\mylen}
\begin{tabbing}
\quad \= \quad \= \quad \= \hspace{5cm} \= \kill
\textbf{program} test \> \> \> \> \texttt{some text here} \\
\textbf{var} \\
\> $i$ : \textbf{integer}; \> \> \> \texttt{...} \\
\> $b$ : \textbf{boolean}; \\
\textbf{begin} \\
\> $i:=1$; \> \> \> \texttt{...} \\
\> $b:=\texttt{true}$; \\
\> \textbf{while} $i<15$ \textbf{do} \\
\> \> $i:=i+1$; \\
\> \> $b:=\textbf{not}\ b$; \> \> \texttt{some text here} \\
\> \textbf{od} \\
\textbf{end}
\end{tabbing}
\end{minipage}}
\end{document}
verbatimThe verbatim environment is a paragraph-making environment that gets LaTeX to print exactly what you type in. It turns LaTeX into a typewriter with carriage returns and blanks having the same effect that they would on a typewriter. The output looks exactly as it looks in the input file. Typical typesetting in verbatim would resemble
\begin{verbatim}
<stuff>
\end{verbatim}
or
\begin{verbatim*}
<stuff>
\end{verbatim*}
where the difference between verbatim and verbatim* is that the latter prints spaces as "visual" spaces, i.e., a short, squat "u". Inline verbatim is also possible using
\verb char literal_text char
or
\verb*char literal_text char
with a similar meaning as before for the unstarred and starred versions. There may be no space between \verb or \verb* and char (space is shown here only for clarity). Here char denotes the \verb delimiters and should match at the start and end. char can be anything except a space (or a * for the \verb form).
I didn't have the fonts so I changed the operator, but I think \mathinner does what you want here, puts some space before an ord, and doesn't stop a bin atom having bin spacing,
Top version in each of these:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\newcommand{\coerceSub}[3]{(\mathord{#1}{\smallfrown}\mathord{#2})_{#3}}
\begin{document}
In an operator application, the ``mathrel'' version looks better.
\begin{gather}
% OK
\mathinner{\coerceSub uv1} x \\
\mathrel{\coerceSub uv1} x \\
% Not OK: no space between operator and operand
\coerceSub uv1 x
\end{gather}
In an operator composition, the plain version looks better.
\begin{gather}
\mathinner{\coerceSub uw1} \circ c \\
% Not OK: no space between \circ and c
\mathrel{\coerceSub vw1} \circ c \\
% OK
\coerceSub vw1 \circ c
\end{gather}
\end{document}
Best Answer
There are a variety of spacing techniques in math mode that you could consider. The following is taken verbatim from Herbert Voss' Mathmode document on horizontal alignment. It showcases the different types of spacing available and compares them very well:
Consequently, here's an example that defines the command
\NOT{<bool>}that places\sim(the negation operator), followed by a\,(\thinspace), followed by<bool>:For more on mathematical typesetting, actually, much more, consider reading the entire document. Specifically for spacing in math mode, read Section 11.1 Math typesetting.