[Tex/LaTex] Packages for standard solar system (astronomical) symbols

Question

I want to get this specific set of symbols through some latex packages.

Photo source: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/680/solar-system-symbols/

I have tried using the packages mathabx and wasysym.

The package mathabx gives my desired earth symbol and the symbols font is scaled properly when I am using them as subscripts. But I don't like its Saturn symbol. Also, it's giving some error messages by interacting with the other important packages such as amsfont, amsmath etc.

On the other hand, the package wasysym doesn't give my desired earth symbol, and the symbols font isn't scaled properly when I am using them as subscripts.
My issue can be understood by running this MWE:

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}  % Default class for composing an article
\usepackage{mathabx}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb, amsfonts} 
\usepackage{physics}   
\usepackage{wasysym} 

\newcommand{\e}{\earth}
\newcommand{\sa}{\saturn}
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}

\begin{align}
    \text{Using mathabx : }& \nonumber \\
    & \Saturn : g_\Saturn, \quad \Earth : g_\Earth \\
        \text{Using wasysym : }& \nonumber \\
        & \saturn : g_{\saturn}, \quad \earth : g_{\earth} 
\end{align}

\begin{align}
    \text{Using mathabx : }& \nonumber \\
    &\frac{\Delta m_\Saturn}{m-m_\Earth} = \left( 1 - e^{-\frac{\Delta v_\Saturn}{I_{\text{sp}}g_\Earth}} \right) \label{del m_A}  \\
        \text{Using wasysym : }& \nonumber \\
        & \frac{\Delta m_{\saturn}}{m-m_{\earth}} = \left( 1 - e^{-\frac{\Delta v_{\saturn}}{I_{\text{sp}}g_{\earth}}} \right) \label{del m_A} 
\end{align}

\end{document}

How can I generate the desired symbols as given in the photo and also with proper font scaling (while using as subscript/superscript)? Are there any other dedicated/updated packages available for these symbols?

Answer 1

Loading mathabx replaces a lot of symbols and is of course incompatible with amssymb. The problem with wasysym is that it defined its symbols using \mbox which thus breaks scaling. To circumvent this, I would copy the definitions of wasysym/mathabx and use \text from amsmath to take care of the correct scaling.

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} 

\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} 

% wasysym redefinitions
\newcommand*{\wasyfamily}{\fontencoding{U}\fontfamily{wasy}\selectfont}
\newcommand*{\astrosun}{{\odot}}
\newcommand*{\mercury}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char39}}}
\newcommand*{\venus}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char25}}}
\newcommand*{\earth}{{\oplus}}
\newcommand*{\mars}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char26}}}
\newcommand*{\jupiter}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char88}}}
\newcommand*{\saturn}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char89}}}
\newcommand*{\uranus}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char90}}}
\newcommand*{\neptune}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char91}}}
\newcommand*{\pluto}{{\text{\wasyfamily\char92}}}

% mathabx definitions
\newcommand*{\mathabxbfamily}{\fontencoding{U}\fontfamily{mathb}\selectfont}
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{mathb}{\hyphenchar\font45}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{mathb}{m}{n}{
      <5> <6> <7> <8> <9> <10> gen * mathb
      <10.95> mathb10 <12> <14.4> <17.28> <20.74> <24.88> mathb12
      }{}
\newcommand*{\Sun}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"40}}}
\newcommand*{\Mercury}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"41}}}
\newcommand*{\Venus}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"42}}}
\newcommand*{\Earth}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"43}}}
\newcommand*{\Mars}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"44}}}
\newcommand*{\Jupiter}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"45}}}
\newcommand*{\Saturn}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"46}}}
\newcommand*{\Uranus}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"47}}}
\newcommand*{\Neptune}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"48}}}
\newcommand*{\Pluto}{{\text{\mathabxbfamily\char"49}}}

\newcommand*{\astrosymbolsA}{\astrosun\mercury\venus\earth\mars\jupiter\saturn\uranus\neptune\pluto}

\newcommand*{\astrosymbolsB}{\Sun\Mercury\Venus\Earth\Mars\Jupiter\Saturn\Uranus\Neptune\Pluto}

\begin{document}

wasysym:
\begin{gather*}
\astrosymbolsA \\
\scriptstyle \astrosymbolsA \\
\scriptscriptstyle \astrosymbolsA \\
\frac{\Delta m_{\saturn}}{m-m_{\earth}} = \left( 1 - e^{-\frac{\Delta v_{\saturn}}{I_{\text{sp}}g_{\earth}}} \right)
\end{gather*}

mathabx:
\begin{gather*}
\astrosymbolsB \\
\scriptstyle \astrosymbolsB \\
\scriptscriptstyle \astrosymbolsB \\
\frac{\Delta m_{\Saturn}}{m-m_{\Earth}} = \left( 1 - e^{-\frac{\Delta v_{\Saturn}}{I_{\text{sp}}g_{\Earth}}} \right)
\end{gather*}

\end{document}

You could of course take only Saturn from wasysym and the rest from mathabx, though they do not really harmonize together.