[Tex/LaTex] How to include and scale on-image-TikZ-drawings made by the standalone class

conversiongraphicsscalingstandalonetikz-external

I am building several on image TikZ drawings. In detail: I am having PDFs of technical drawings, I crop the white margins, overlay nodes and some arrows and compile them. The result should give me a nice PDF and PNG for further using and the TEX file shall be included in various bigger TeX documents.

I wonder, what is the best way for doing this especially for the scaling. The labels (nodes) should always have the current document font size, the vectors (arrows) should have the same line-width all over the document.

When and where should I scale? In my MWE I am letting the PDF on original size, put the nodes with relative coordinates and insert it with \includestandalone which results in down scaled labels.

I would like to get some advice how to do this for several pictures and a big bandwidth of results for different uses.

\documentclass[]{scrreprt}
\usepackage{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\includestandalone[width=0.9\linewidth]{subfiles/TopView}
\caption{Top view}\label{fig:topView}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

The file I want to insert could look e. g. like this:

\documentclass[tikz,convert=false]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz, fp, tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, intersections, arrows, fixedpointarithmetic, decorations.markings}
\graphicspath{../images/}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,line cap=round]
\node[anchor=south west,inner sep=0] (image) at (0,0) {\includegraphics{./images/3fan_AUTOCAD_0009.pdf}};
    \begin{scope}[x={(image.south east)},y={(image.north west)}]
        \draw[help lines,xstep=.1,ystep=.1] (0,0) grid (1,1);
        \foreach \x in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=north] at (\x/10,0) {0.\x}; }
        \foreach \y in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=east] at (0,\y/10) {0.\y}; }
            \node at (0.854,0.855) [rotate=-40]{$\vartheta^\prime$};
            \node at (0.19,0.27) [rotate=40]{$f$};
            \node at (0.055,0.605) [rotate=30]{$\delta$};
            \node at (0.53,0.63) [rotate=40]{$R$};
            \node at (0.15,0.2) [rotate=-40]{$l_\mathrm{c}$};
            \draw[-latex, black] (0.8,0.1) -- (0.8,0.3) node[pos = .5, above, rotate = 90]{$\vec{u}$};
            \draw[-latex, blue] (0.1,0.8) -- (0.3,0.8) node[pos = .5, above, rotate = 0]{$\vec{c}_\mathrm{m}$};
    \end{scope} 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Here you can find the PDF: PDF-Upload

Best Answer

Since this awnser grew slowly lets start with the result, the same image once scaled to .3\linewidth and once scaled to \linewidth. The first section talks about the idea while the implementation is at the very bottom.

Result

Source: image.tikz is at the bottom of this post.

\documentclass[]{scrreprt}
\usepackage{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikzscale}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
%\includestandalone[width=0.9\linewidth]{subfiles/TopView}
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{image}
\caption{Top view}\label{fig:topView}
\end{figure}

\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{image}
\end{document}

There is a package tikzscale, which does most of waht you ask, from the documentation:

So although the original tikzpicture itself has the width of a complete line, it gets proportionally scaled down to half the width while being loaded from the \includegraphics command. Neither the line’s thickness nor the text center are scaled, [...]

If you use your graphics in documents with different font sizes though, be aware that the units em and ex change, thus their use might get you unwanted results if you mix them with absolute units.

I usually have one file with the headers and the preview package, that I use to render the image standalone. I use input to include the different images in that file.

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[margin=0cm,nohead]{geometry}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} 
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}                     %input encoding

\usetikzlibrary{...}

\begin{document} 
  \input{image1} 
  %\input{image2}
\end{document}

So far I have not come arround to use tikz externalize which would leave you with pdfs automatically and it is supported by tikzscale. This might make my preview wrapper unnecessary.

Note that you do need to render the tikz files for every document you scale them in, since you don't want to scale the font/linewidths.

Scaling

Regarding OPs comment: Scaling as you requested can not work from prerenders, since in a image file all pixels are equal, there is no difference between fonts/linewidth and linelength. The only option to rescale tikz images and to keep fontsize/linesizes I know of is tikzscale. Tikzscale has some very strict requirements, one being that the image is in a file with the extension .tikz. Thus I renamed the second file to end in tikz. I then change your main file to this:

\documentclass[]{scrreprt}
\usepackage{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikzscale}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
%\includestandalone[width=0.9\linewidth]{subfiles/TopView}
\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{image}
\caption{Top view}\label{fig:topView}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

If you now run this you will get an error along the lines: Request to scale an unscalable image.

This comes from the fact that you image IS unscalable. Your image is based on a node with an includegraphics. tikzscale only scales tikz coordinates. You then place nodes at the edges of the unscalable node holding text (text may not scale so these dont scale either).

So how does one obtain a scalable image?

add this as the last line of your picture: \node at(2,2) {scaler};

You can try this method with different tikzpictures, then it should work.

Or as a workarround: Place two coordinates as coornerpoints of a rectangle (best with mesurement in an absolute mesure like cm), calculate the size of this and use scalebox to include the pdf. This way if tikzscale shifts the coordinates your included pdf scales. Therefore your image is now scalable.

here is an implementation of a workarround, It works as follows: with \pgfgettransformentries we obtain the current scale matrix and use the x or y-scale to scale the included image by using graphicx scale option by using \includegraphics[scale=\a]{image2.pdf}};. Therefore the image size changes and the whole thing can be scaled.

\documentclass[tikz,convert=false]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz, fp, tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, intersections, arrows, fixedpointarithmetic, decorations.markings}
\graphicspath{../images/}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,line cap=round]
\pgfgettransformentries{\a}{\b}{\c}{\d}{\xtrans}{\ytrans}
\node[anchor=south west,inner sep=0] (image) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[scale=\a]{image2.pdf}};
    \begin{scope}[x={(image.south east)},y={(image.north west)}]
        \draw[help lines,xstep=.1,ystep=.1] (0,0) grid (1,1);
        \foreach \x in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=north] at (\x/10,0) {0.\x}; }
        \foreach \y in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=east] at (0,\y/10) {0.\y}; }
            \node at (0.854,0.855) [rotate=-40]{$\vartheta^\prime$};
            \node at (0.19,0.27) [rotate=40]{$f$};
            \node at (0.055,0.605) [rotate=30]{$\delta$};
            \node at (0.53,0.63) [rotate=40]{$R$};
            \node at (0.15,0.2) [rotate=-40]{$l_\mathrm{c}$};
            \draw[-latex, black] (0.8,0.1) -- (0.8,0.3) node[pos = .5, above, rotate = 90]{$\vec{u}$};
            \draw[-latex, blue] (0.1,0.8) -- (0.3,0.8) node[pos = .5, above, rotate = 0]{$\vec{c}_\mathrm{m}$};
    \end{scope} 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to scale Tikz drawings and text together

To scale everything together you might want to wrap everything in a \scalebox{<factor>}{...} (graphic/x package, already loaded by tikz). The scale option of tikz works differently: it only scales coordinates. The inner sep value which determines the border will not be scaled by it, which results in the i being further away from the border. You would need to adjust this value with the scale factor as well if you don't use \scalebox.

Alternatively you can try to use drawing units which are relative to the font size, measured in either ex or em. The default you use at the moment is in cm. Even better would be to use anchors for the positioning instead, i.e. try this:

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.0,inner sep=4pt]
\node [draw=black] (B)
{\fontspec[Scale=2.0]{Bookman Old Style Bold}B}; 
\node [draw=none,anchor=north] at (B.south)
{\fontspec[Scale=1.0]{Bookman Old Style} This is a B}; 
\end{tikzpicture}
~
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2.0,inner sep=8pt]
\node [draw=black] (B)
{\fontspec[Scale=4.0]{Bookman Old Style Bold}B}; 
\node [draw=none,anchor=north] at (B.south)
{\fontspec[Scale=2.0]{Bookman Old Style} This is a B}; 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

I can't compile it by myself due to the missing fonts.

[Tex/LaTex] how to set the canvas and font size in TikZ

For the sizes, you can use the current bounding box together with \pgfgetlastxy:

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand*{\ExtractCoordinate}[3]{\path (#1); \pgfgetlastxy{#2}{#3};}%

\newdimen\tlx
\newdimen\tlx
\newdimen\brx
\newdimen\bry


\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw (-3,-1) rectangle (3,1) (-2,-2) rectangle (2,2);
    \foreach \x in {north west,south west,south east,north east}
    {   \fill[red] (current bounding box.\x) circle (0.01);
    }
    \ExtractCoordinate{current bounding box.north west}{\tlx}{\tly}
    \ExtractCoordinate{current bounding box.south east}{\brx}{\bry}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\myheight}{(+\tly-\bry)/28.452755}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\mywidth}{(-\tlx+\brx)/28.452755}
    \node[below right] at  (-2,1) {height: \myheight\ cm};
    \node[above left] at  (2,-1) {width: \mywidth\ cm};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Edit 1: Ah, now I get it. Here is a still not automatic version. You set two commands in each tikzpicture: \maximumdimensions{4}{3}, which is the desired width and height, at the beginning of the picture. \getscalingfactors which will draw nodes with a recommended scaling factor in the middle of your picture if the image if to high/wide:

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{xifthen}

\newcommand*{\ExtractCoordinate}[3]{\path (#1); \pgfgetlastxy{#2}{#3};}%

\newdimen\tlx
\newdimen\tlx
\newdimen\brx
\newdimen\bry
\def\xscalefactor{}
\def\yscalefactor{}
\parindent0mm

\newcommand{\getscalingfactors}{%
    \ExtractCoordinate{current bounding box.north west}{\tlx}{\tly}
    \ExtractCoordinate{current bounding box.south east}{\brx}{\bry}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\myheight}{(+\tly-\bry)/28.452755}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\mywidth}{(-\tlx+\brx)/28.452755}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\xsf}{\maxwidth/\mywidth}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\ysf}{\maxheight/\myheight}
    \global\edef\xscalefactor{\xsf}
    \global\edef\yscalefactor{\ysf}
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\xsfc}{\xsf*10000}
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ysfc}{\ysf*10000}
    \ifthenelse{\xsfc > 10000}{}{\node[fill=white,above] at (current bounding box.center) {x-s: \xsf};}
    \ifthenelse{\ysfc > 10000}{}{\node[fill=white,below] at (current bounding box.center) {y-s: \ysf};}
}

\newcommand{\maximumdimensions}[2]{% width, height
\global\edef\maxwidth{#1} % in cm
\global\edef\maxheight{#2} % in cm
}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1]
    \maximumdimensions{4}{3}

    \draw[fill=orange] (-3,-1) rectangle (3,1) (-2,-2) rectangle (2,2);

    \getscalingfactors
\end{tikzpicture}

\lipsum[1]

\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1]
    \maximumdimensions{4}{3}

    \draw[fill=orange!50!gray] (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw[fill=red!50!gray] (3,1) circle (1);
    \draw[fill=blue!50!gray] (-2,2) circle (1);
    \draw[fill=green!50!gray] (-3,-2) circle (1);
    \draw[fill=yellow!50!gray] (2,-1) circle (1);

    \getscalingfactors
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

enter image description here

If you scale the picture down enough, the nodes inside the picture vanish: \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.66] and \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.497]

enter image description here

Best Answer

Scaling

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to scale Tikz drawings and text together

[Tex/LaTex] how to set the canvas and font size in TikZ

Related Question