labelsline-breakingpdftex
It seems that the column is so narrow that it can not bear the whole equation:
\begin{equation}
R(p_i|G) =
\begin{cases}
ep_{p_i} + (1- UA(p_i|G))\cdot ({r_G - ep_{p_i}})
&\text{ if } ep \leq r_G \\
ep_{p_i} + UA(p_i|G)\cdot ({r_G - ep_{p_i}})
&\text{ if } ep > r_G
\end{cases}
\label{eq:dis}
\end{equation}
The result is:
Question: how can I force (7) to the same line with the equation.
LaTeX can break inline formulas after a relational or a binary symbol. If you don't want this to happen you can explicitly prevent it by setting:
\relpenalty=10000
\binoppenalty=10000
LaTeX will then always try to keep the $...$ within one line, but as a result you may end up with overfull hboxes if the paragraph doesn't have enough flexibility to allow for some acceptable line breaking. In that case xou then have to place an explicit linebreak (or an optional one) manually into the formula using \linebreak (with or without an optional argument).
The alternative (as a one-time change) is that you place an explicit linebreak just before the formula (via \linebreak) which will then force a linebreak at that point with a justified line in fron of the formula. Again this only works with enough flexibility in the paragraph.
The other possibility for a one-time change is to put the above parameter settings inside the $...$in which case they only apply to that equation.
What you should not do (normally) is to surround the whole equation by, say an \mbox. In practive this will also prevent LaTeX from breaking it over a line, but it has the additional effect of making the spacing within the formula rigid, i.e., the formula will not be queezed or spread in line with the rest of the paragraph material.
The only other alternative is to go for displayed formula as mentioned in the comment.
Here is a quick hack for moving the equation "up" so that it is on the same line as the "some text". This is done with a new environment itemequation that adjusts for the newline. If the text is too long, however, the equation will write over the top of the text. On the other hand, it not clear from the question what should happen in such cases.
Here is the output from the code:
and here is the code:
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\newenvironment{itemequation}{\vspace*{-\baselineskip}\equation}{\endequation}
\begin{document}
\begin{itemize}
\item some text:
\begin{itemequation}
x = y = z
\end{itemequation}
\end{itemize}
\end{document}
Best Answer
Something like this?