I'd go directly to unicode-math:
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools} % loads amsmath that should go before unicode-math
\usepackage{unicode-math}
\setmainfont[Numbers=OldStyle]{Palatino Linotype}
\setsansfont{Optima}
\setmonofont{Consolas}
\setmathfont{Asana Math}
Asana Math is based on the MathPaZo fonts.
If you really need brackets and parentheses from the MathPaZo fonts, it's doable:
\DeclareSymbolFont{brackets} {OT1}{zplm}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{brackets}{bold} {OT1}{zplm}{b}{n}
\DeclareSymbolFont{largebrackets} {OMX}{zplm}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{largebrackets}{bold}{OMX}{zplm}{m}{n}
\DeclareMathDelimiter{(}{\mathopen} {brackets}{"28}{largebrackets}{"00}
\DeclareMathDelimiter{)}{\mathclose}{brackets}{"29}{largebrackets}{"01}
\DeclareMathDelimiter{[}{\mathopen} {brackets}{"5B}{largebrackets}{"02}
\DeclareMathDelimiter{]}{\mathclose}{brackets}{"5D}{largebrackets}{"03}
For the Knuth calligraphic font, add
\setmathfont[range={\mathcal,\mathbfcal},StylisticSet=1]{XITS Math}
For a "better" \vDash symbol, add
\setmathfont[range=\vDash]{XITS Math}
The "not belonging to" symbol should always be specified with \notin rather than with \not\in.
Finally, for the AMS blackboard bold:
\DeclareSymbolFont{AMSb}{U}{msb}{m}{n}
\protected\def\mathbb#1{{\mathchar\numexpr256*\symAMSb+`#1\relax}}
Simply setting \usemathfont{Minion Pro} with unicode-math will not work since it expects an OpenType math font, but you can use range option to use normal text fonts for certain math alphabets (or any math symbol), check documentation for details.
\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage{unicode-math}
\setmainfont{Minion Pro}
\setmathfont{Asana Math} % for math symbols, can be any other OpenType math font
\setmathfont[range=\mathup] {Minion Pro}
\setmathfont[range=\mathbfup]{Minion Pro Bold}
\setmathfont[range=\mathbfit]{Minion Pro Bold Italic}
\setmathfont[range=\mathit] {Minion Pro Italic}
\begin{document}
Here’s some text. Now some math: $x^2 + y^2 = z^2$, $\mathrm{x^2 + y^2 = z^2}$, $\mathbfit{x^2 + y^2 = z^2}$, $\mathbf{x^2 + y^2 = z^2}$.
\end{document}
Best Answer
There is no real problem in using different fonts with
classicthesis. Just load the related font package and you're done.Compile with XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX
I don't own Adobe Caslon Pro, so I used a different font. The only adjustment is to make
\chapterNumberaware of the text font, otherwise it would use Palatino.