[Tex/LaTex] Drawing Curved Arrow Using Tikz

tikz-pgf

I have the figure like the below one:

The image is produced using the code below:

\documentclass[tikz, border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,chains,matrix,decorations.pathreplacing}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance=0pt,
 start chain = A going right,
arrow/.style = {draw=#1,-{Stealth[]}, 
                shorten >=1mm, shorten <=1mm}, % styles of arrows
arrow/.default = black,
    X/.style = {rectangle, draw,% styles of nodes in string (chain)
                minimum width=2ex, minimum height=3ex,
                outer sep=0pt, on chain},
    B/.style = {decorate,
                decoration={brace, amplitude=5pt,
                pre=moveto,pre length=1pt,post=moveto,post length=1pt,
                raise=1mm,
                            #1}, % for mirroring of brace, if necessary
                thick},
   B/.default = mirror, % by default braces are mirrored
                        ]
\foreach \i in {1,0,0,0,1,1,
                2,0,3,4,1,2}% <-- content of nodes
    \node[X] {\i};
\matrix (ML) [matrix of nodes,
              nodes=draw, dashed, row sep=1mm,
              row 1 column 1/.style={draw=red},
              left=11mm of A-1]
{   
    1\ 0\\
    0\ 0\\
    1\ 1\\
};
\draw   (ML.north -| ML-1-1.north west) -| 
        (ML.south west) --
        (ML.south -| ML-3-1.south west)
%        
        (ML.north -| ML-1-1.north east) -|
        (ML.south east) --
        (ML.south -| ML-3-1.south east)
        ;

\matrix (MR) [matrix of nodes,
              nodes=draw, dashed, row sep=1mm,
              row 1 column 1/.style={draw=red},
              right=11mm of A-12]
{   1\ 1\\
    1\ 1\\
    1\ 1\\
};
\draw   (MR.north -| MR-1-1.north west) -|
        (MR.south west) --
        (MR.south -| MR-3-1.south west)
%
        (MR.north -| MR-1-1.north east) -|
        (MR.south east) --
        (MR.south -| MR-3-1.south east)
        ;
\draw[B=,red]   (A-1.north west) -- coordinate[above=3mm] (a) (A-2.north east);
\draw[arrow, red] (ML-1-1.north) to [out=60, in=120] (a);
\draw[B]        (A-3.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (b) (A-4.south east);
\draw[arrow] (ML-2-1.south) to [out=315, in=210] (b);
\draw[B]        (A-5.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (c) (A-6.south east);
\draw[arrow] (ML-3-1.south) to [out=315, in=240] (c);


\draw[B=,red]   (A-7.north west) -- coordinate[above=3mm] (a) (A-8.north east);
\draw[arrow, red] (MR-1-1.north) to [out=120, in=60] (a);


\draw[B]        (A-9.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (bb) (A-10.south east);
\draw[arrow] (MR-2-1.south) to [ out=240, in=315] (bb);
\draw[B]        (A-11.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (cc) (A-12.south east);
\draw[arrow] (MR-3-1.south) to [out=210, in=315] (cc);


    \end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}

However, I want to replace the arrows with something like the picture given below. These pictures were collected from Google images.

Any help or idea is highly appreciated.

Best Answer

Since start width and end width were never specified, I created \maxlinewidth=2pt for the final line width and adjusted the algorithm.

\documentclass[tikz,multi,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,chains,matrix,decorations.pathreplacing,bending}
% from Alain Matthes's solution at http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/14295/
\makeatletter
\pgfkeys{%
  /pgf/decoration/.cd,
  start color/.store in =\startcolor,
  end color/.store in   =\endcolor,
  start width/.store in =\startwidth,% not used
  end width/.store in   =\endwidth,% not used
  start color=black!5,
  end color=black,
}
\pgfdeclaredecoration{width and color change}{initial}{
 \state{initial}[width=0pt, next state=line, persistent precomputation={%
   \pgfmathdivide{.5pt}{\pgfdecoratedpathlength}% not sure why .5pt works better than .75pt
   \let\increment=\pgfmathresult
   \def\x{0}%
 }]{}
 \state{line}[width=.5pt, persistent postcomputation={%
     \pgfmathadd@{\x}{\increment}%
     \let\x=\pgfmathresult
   }]{%
   \pgfsetlinewidth{\x\maxlinewidth}%
   \pgfsetarrows{-}%
   \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointorigin}%
   \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{.75pt}{0pt}}%
   \pgfmathmultiply{100}{\x}%
   \let\y=\pgfmathresult
   \pgfsetstrokecolor{\endcolor!\y!\startcolor}%
   \pgfusepath{stroke}%
 }
 \state{final}{%
   \pgfsetlinewidth{\pgflinewidth}%
   \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointorigin}%
   \color{\endcolor!\x!\startcolor}%
   \pgfusepath{stroke}%
 }
}
\makeatother

\newlength{\maxlinewidth}
\maxlinewidth=2pt

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
  node distance=0pt,
  start chain = A going right,
  arrow/.style = {draw=#1,-{Stealth[bend]}, line width=.4pt, shorten >=1mm, shorten <=1mm}, % styles of arrows
  arrow/.default = black,
  X/.style = {rectangle, draw,% styles of nodes in string (chain)
    minimum width=2ex, minimum height=3ex, outer sep=0pt, on chain},
  B/.style = {decorate,
    decoration={brace, amplitude=5pt, pre=moveto,pre length=1pt,post=moveto,post length=1pt, raise=1mm, #1}, % for mirroring of brace, if necessary
    thick},
  B/.default = mirror, % by default braces are mirrored
  ]
  \foreach \i in {1,0,0,0,1,1, 2,0,3,4,1,2}% <-- content of nodes
  \node[X] {\i};
  \matrix (ML) [matrix of nodes, nodes=draw, dashed, row sep=1mm, row 1 column 1/.style={draw=red}, left=11mm of A-1]
  {
    1\ 0\\
    0\ 0\\
    1\ 1\\
  };
  \draw   (ML.north -| ML-1-1.north west) -| (ML.south west) -- (ML.south -| ML-3-1.south west)  (ML.north -| ML-1-1.north east) -| (ML.south east) -- (ML.south -| ML-3-1.south east) ;
  \matrix (MR) [matrix of nodes, nodes=draw, dashed, row sep=1mm, row 1 column 1/.style={draw=red}, right=11mm of A-12]
  {   1\ 1\\
    1\ 1\\
    1\ 1\\
  };
  \draw   (MR.north -| MR-1-1.north west) -| (MR.south west) -- (MR.south -| MR-3-1.south west) (MR.north -| MR-1-1.north east) -| (MR.south east) -- (MR.south -| MR-3-1.south east) ;
  \draw[B=,red]   (A-1.north west) -- coordinate[above=3mm] (a) (A-2.north east);
  \path (ML-1-1.north) to[out=60, in=120] node[pos=.9,name=ap] {} (a);% interestngly, coordinate won't work here
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=yellow, end color=red}, decorate] (ML-1-1.north) to [out=60, in=114] (ap.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,red,line width=\maxlinewidth] (ap.center) to [out=114, in=120] (a);
%
  \draw[B]        (A-3.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (b) (A-4.south east);
  \path (ML-2-1.south) to [out=315, in=210] node[pos=.9,name=bp] {} (b);
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=lightgray, end color=black}, decorate] (ML-2-1.south) to [out=315, in=199.5] (bp.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,black,line width=\maxlinewidth] (bp.center) to [out=199.5, in=210] (b);
%
  \draw[B]        (A-5.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (c) (A-6.south east);
  \path (ML-3-1.south) to [out=315, in=240] node[pos=.9,name=cp] {} (c);
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=lightgray, end color=black}, decorate] (ML-3-1.south) to [out=315, in=232.5] (cp.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,black,line width=\maxlinewidth] (cp.center) to [out=232.5, in=240] (c);
%
  \draw[B=,red]   (A-7.north west) -- coordinate[above=3mm] (d) (A-8.north east);
  \path (MR-1-1.north) to [out=120, in=60] node[pos=.9,name=dp] {} (d);
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=yellow, end color=red}, decorate] (MR-1-1.north) to [out=120, in=54] (dp.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,red,line width=\maxlinewidth] (dp.center) to [out=54, in=60] (d);
%
  \draw[B]        (A-9.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (e) (A-10.south east);
  \path (MR-2-1.south) to [ out=240, in=315] node[pos=.9,name=ep] {} (e);
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=gray, end color=black}, decorate] (MR-2-1.south) to [ out=240, in=322.5] (ep.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,black,line width=\maxlinewidth] (ep.center) to [out=322.5, in=315] (e);
%
  \draw[B]        (A-11.south west) -- coordinate[below=3mm] (f) (A-12.south east);
  \path (MR-3-1.south) to [out=210, in=315] node[pos=.9,name=fp] {} (f);
  \draw[decoration={width and color change, start color=gray, end color=black}, decorate] (MR-3-1.south) to [out=210, in=304.5] (fp.center);
  \draw[-Triangle,black,line width=\maxlinewidth] (fp.center) to [out=304.5, in=315] (f);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to have one straight arrows surrounded by two curved arrows (TikZ)

you can create a node at each end of the lines and then connect these nodes. by adjusting the minimum size of node you can improve aesthetics.

(sorry for my google english)


\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,backgrounds,positioning,fit,petri,calc,shadows}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
    parent/.style={%
        rounded corners,
        thick,
        draw=red!75,
        fill=red!20,
        thick,
        inner ysep=2pt,
        inner xsep=2pt,
        minimum width = 4cm,
        minimum height = 1.5cm,
        align=center
    },
    child/.style={%
        rounded corners,
        thick,
        draw=blue!90,
        fill=blue!35,
        thick,
        inner ysep=2pt,
        inner xsep=2pt,
        minimum width = 4cm,
        minimum height = 1.5cm,
        align=center
    },
    grandchild/.style={%
        rounded corners,
        thick,
        draw=green!90,
        fill=green!35,
        thick,
        inner ysep=2pt,
        inner xsep=2pt,
        minimum width = 4cm,
        minimum height = 1.5cm,
        align=center
    },
    line/.style={%
        semithick,
        ->,
        shorten >=1pt,
        >=stealth'
    },
    call/.style={%
        blue,
        semithick,
        ->,
        shorten >=1pt,
        >=stealth'
    },
    return/.style={%
        red,
        semithick,
        ->,
        shorten >=1pt,
        >=stealth'
    }]
    \node[child] (child) {Child};
    \node[parent] at (-6,3) (parent 1) {Node 1\\I have manually\\connected this one};
    \node[parent] at (0,3) (parent 2) {Node 2\\I have manually\\connected this one};
    \node[parent] at (6,3) (parent 3) {Node 3\\I have manually\\connected this one};
    \node[parent] at (-6,-3) (grandchild 1) {Node 4\\I have manually\\connected this one};
    \node[parent] at (0,-3) (grandchild 2) {Node 5\\I have NOT manually\\connacted this one};
    \node[parent] at (6,-3) (grandchild 3) {Node 6\\I have NOT manually\\connacted this one};

    %draw three lines from each parent to each child
    \draw [line] (parent 1.south east)node[above left](p1){} -- (child.north west)node[below right](c1){};
    \draw [line] (parent 2.south)node[above](p2){} -- (child.north)node[below](c2){};
    \draw [line] (parent 3.south west)node[above right](p3){} -- (child.north east) node[below left](c3){};

    %draw three lines from each parent to each child
    \draw [line] (grandchild 1.north east)node[below left,minimum size=2em](p4){} -- (child.south west)node[above right,minimum size=2em](c4){};
    \draw [line] (grandchild 2.north)node[below,minimum size=2em](p5){} -- (child.south)node[above,minimum size=2em](c5){};
    \draw [line] (grandchild 3.north west)node[below right](p6){} -- (child.south east)node[above left](c6){};


\foreach \nn in{1,2,3,4,5,6}{
    \draw [call] (p\nn) to [bend right=15] (c\nn);
    \draw [return] (c\nn) to [bend right=15] (p\nn);
    }

\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}!

the result

[Tex/LaTex] Table-like lines in tikz matrix

Because all nodes are horizontally centered in the columns you can load the calc library and use

\draw[blue]({$(M-1-1)!.5!(M-1-2)$} |- M.north) -- ({$(M-1-1)!.5!(M-1-2)$} |- M.south);

to draw the blue line between the first and the second column.

To get the green line you have to use all nodes of the second row inside the fit option:

\node[fit=(M-2-1) (M-2-2) (M-2-3),inner sep=0pt] (R2) {};
\draw[green!50!black] (R2.north -| M.west) -- (R2.north -| M.east);

enter image description here

\documentclass[tikz,margin=10pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,fit,calc}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}%
  \node[%
  matrix of nodes,%
  inner xsep=0pt,% <- code added
  every node/.append style={%
    draw=lightgray,
    inner xsep=5pt,
    inner ysep=5pt,
    outer sep=0pt,
  },
  row sep=0pt,
  column sep=0pt
  ] (M) {
    {}& 1 & 20 \\
    {}& 1 & {} \\
    2 & 2 & 4 \\
    3 & 3 & 6 \\
    1000000 & 1000000 & 2000000 \\
  };
% horizontal lines
  \draw[blue]({$(M-1-1)!.5!(M-1-2)$} |- M.north) -- ({$(M-1-1)!.5!(M-1-2)$} |- M.south);
  \draw[orange!80!black]({$(M-1-2)!.5!(M-1-3)$} |- M.north) --({$(M-1-2)!.5!(M-1-3)$} |- M.south);
% vertical lines
    \node[fit=(M-2-1) (M-2-2) (M-2-3),inner sep=0pt] (R2) {};
    \draw[green!50!black] (R2.north -| M.west) -- (R2.north -| M.east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

It is possible to define macros:

\documentclass[tikz,margin=10pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,fit,calc}

% \mvline[<style>]{<matrix name>}{<row number on the right hand side of the line>}
\newcommand\mvline[3][]{%
  \pgfmathtruncatemacro\hc{#3-1}
  \draw[#1]({$(#2-1-#3)!.5!(#2-1-\hc)$} |- #2.north) -- ({$(#2-1-#3)!.5!(#2-1-\hc)$} |- #2.south);
}
% \mhline[<style>]{<matrix name>}{<column number below of the line>}{<number of columns in a row>}
\newcommand\mhline[4][]{%
  \node[fit=(#2-#3-1),inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt](R){};
  \foreach \i in {1,...,#4}\node[fit=(R) (#2-#3-\i),inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt](R){};
  \draw[#1] (R.north -| #2.west) -- (R.north -| #2.east);
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}%
  \node[%
  matrix of nodes,%
  inner xsep=0pt,% <- code added
  nodes in empty cells,% <- code added, nodes also in empty cells
  every node/.append style={%
    %draw=lightgray,
    inner xsep=5pt,
    inner ysep=5pt,
    outer sep=0pt,
  },
  row sep=0pt,
  column sep=0pt
  ] (M) {
      & 1 & 20 \\
      &   & \huge T  \\
    2 & 2 & 4 \\
    3 & 3 & 6 \\
    1000000 & 1000000 & 2000000 \\
  };
% border of the table
    \draw[purple](M.south west) rectangle (M.north east);
% horizontal lines
    \mvline[blue]{M}{2}
    \mvline[orange]{M}{3}
% vertical lines
    \foreach \r in {2,...,5} {\mhline[green!50!black]{M}{\r}{3}}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] How to have one straight arrows surrounded by two curved arrows (TikZ)

[Tex/LaTex] Table-like lines in tikz matrix

Related Question