[Tex/LaTex] Double parenthesis in BibTeX record

bibtex

I use Papers app for organizing papers, thesis, and dissertation. When I use its 'copy as BibTeX' feature, it returns similar to this one:

@phdthesis{Taylor:2000vh,
author = {Fields, Ray Thomas},
title = {{Architectural styles and Architectures}},
school = {University of California, Berkeley},
year = {2000},
address = {University of California, Berkeley},
month = jan
}

Also from other examples from https://verbosus.com/bibtex-style-examples.html, the title has only one parenthesis.

What's the difference between single parenthesis and double parenthesis in BibTeX?
Is there any reason why the title has double parenthesis when others do not?

Best Answer

bibtex and biblatex styles may change the capitalization of titles to match the style defaults. Double curly braces protect parts of the fields against this behavior e.g. to ensure that acronyms like {IEEE} remain all capitals. With bibtex, putting the whole title in double curly braces prevents changes to the case at all. biblatex with the biber backend will, however, ignore this special case due to the excessive use in automated bibtex exports.

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