AMSMath manual states that
(1) "
sumlimits
(default) Place the subscripts and superscripts of summation symbols above and below, in displayed equations."(2) "
intlimits
Likesumlimits
, but for integral symbols."(3) "To use one of these package options, put the option name in the optional argument of the
\usepackage
command—e.g.,\usepackage[intlimits]{amsmath}
."
There are two problems.
(1) Apparently, there is some "option clash" when I use the amsart document class.
\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage[intlimits]{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\(\int_0^3xdx\)
\end{document}
!LaTeX Error: Option clash for package amsmath
(2) There is no "clash" with the article document class. But the output does not agree with the stated outcome of the manual.
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[intlimits]{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\(\int_0^3xdx\)
\end{document}
This must be a known problem. However, I could not find any reference to it at Tex.SX.
Best Answer
You wrote:
The reason there's an "option clash" is that the
amsmath
package is already loaded by theamsart
document class; hence, it shouldn't be loaded a second time with options that weren't already specified the first time the package was loaded (in the present case, at the\documentclass
stage). To activate the optionsnosumlimits
andintlimits
, you must load them via the\documentclass
command:Recall that TeX has two math styles: "text style", also called "inline style", and "display style". The following MWE illustrates (i) the differences in the sizes of the integral signs in the two math styles and (ii) the effects that the commands
\int\limits
and\int\nolimits
have in each of the two styles. Observe that theamsmath
package is loaded with theintlimits
option. As you can see from the ouput of this code, when in inline math style one must state\int\limits
explicily in order to get the limits set below/above the integral symbol even if theintlimits
option was specified. Conversely, when in display math style, the limits will always be set below/above the integral sign unless one specifies\int\nolimits
.Of course, when in inline math mode, one usually does not want the limits of integration to be typeset below/above the integral symbol, because one generally wants to keep the size of the math expressions compact so that the gaps between successive lines don't become too large. In contrast, in equations that are offset or displayed on a line by themselves, typesetting the limits of integration below and above the integral symbol may be a good choice, especially if the integrand is "large", e.g., if it contains a fractional expression.