If you are using the article document class, you can redefine \thebibliography and the \@biblabel command to remove the labels. You need to redefine \thebibliography so that the list indent parameters are set correctly. If you are using a different document class you'll need to modify the appropriate code from that class, but the code should be similar.
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\@biblabel}[1]{}
\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
{\section*{\refname}%
\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\refname}{\MakeUppercase\refname}%
\list{}%
{\labelwidth=0pt
\labelsep=0pt
\leftmargin1.5em
\itemindent=-1.5em
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\@openbib@code
}%
\sloppy
\clubpenalty4000
\@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
\widowpenalty4000%
\sfcode`\.\@m}
\makeatother
\usepackage{breakcites}
\begin{document}
\section{Lorem Ipsum}
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce eget elit \cite{pmid17728093, pmid22711256} nibh, eu porta nunc. Phasellus arcu urna, auctor condimentum dapibus eu, porttitor ut leo \cite{pmid22711256}. Donec nisi purus, faucibus quis cursus nec, lacinia in nibh. Aliquam quis tellus at nisl laoreet porttitor ut eget nibh. Donec congue, nisi vitae blandit fringilla, felis orci porta lorem, et semper lorem nibh in ante \cite{pmid22711854}. Aenean sed dui eget sapien porta imperdiet id ut metus. Cras sed justo est, vel tincidunt nulla. Maecenas hendrerit, purus et gravida commodo \cite{pmid22711857}, mauris augue gravida orci, et posuere est est in nunc. Nulla sodales congue accumsan \cite{pmid22712020}.
\bibliographystyle{apalike-letters}
\bibliography{test}
\end{document}
The apalike bibliography style has been around more or less unchanged since 1988. Back then, web pages didn't exist yet -- at least not as items that might be cited in bibliographies. The entry type @misc thus doesn't recognize, and hence blissfully ignores, fields named url, urldate, and lastchecked.
A workaround involves these steps:
- rename the field
Lastchecked to note,
- modify the contents of the
note field from Nov 01, 2013 to Last accessed on Nov 01, 2013, and (optionally)
- encase the URL string in the
howpublished field in a \url{...} wrapper.
Separately, you should also encase the contents of the author and title fields in pairs of curly braces. This prevents BibTeX from (a) misinterpreting the author as a person with first name Editor and last name CNN and (b) lowercasing the words Supreme, Court, and Emanuel in the title field.
Aside: If you need to cite a lot of web pages, you may be better off in the long run choosing a bibliography style which does know what to do with fields named url, urldate, and lastchecked.
Here's an MWE that implements these ideas. Note the changes I applied to the following fields: author, title, howpublished, and urldate (renamed to note).
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{rahm.bib}
@misc{cnn2011rahm,
Author = {{Editor CNN}},
Date-Added = {2013-11-21 09:15:03 +0000},
Date-Modified = {2013-11-21 09:26:00 +0000},
Howpublished = {\url{http://edition.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/27/emanuel.ballot/}},
note = {Last checked on Nov~01, 2013},
Month = {January},
Title = {Illinois {Supreme Court} keeps {Emanuel} on ballot},
Url = {http://edition.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/27/emanuel.ballot/},
Urldate = {Jan 28, 2011},
Year = {2011},
}
\end{filecontents}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{natbib}
\bibliographystyle{apalike}
\usepackage[hyphens]{url} % <-- new
\begin{document}
\noindent
\cite{cnn2011rahm} reports that \dots
\bibliography{rahm}
\end{document}
Best Answer
Your question is a bit confused, because you have tagged it as Biblatex, but your reference to
apalikesuggests you are using BibTeX.First off, whichever system you are using, do not try to change the format of references by changing your
.bibfile. That file just contains data. How it is formatted depends on other files. Each author should always and only be separate from the others byandin that file.For BibTeX
If you are using
apalike, follow the instructions given in this answer: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/109226/5404, replacing" and "with" \& "in two places in the file. Be sure to rename the.bstfile.For BibLaTeX
The
biblatex-apastyle already uses ampersands (not "and") so there shouldn't be any change to make. If you do ever need to change the "&" or "and" in biblatex, follow the instructions given at Replace 'and' with ampersand in bibliography and parenthetical citations using BibLaTeX.The essential trick is to redefine the
\finalnamedelimmacro. A generally suitable definition is along these linesThe second line of that deals with the insertion of a comma before the final delimiter, a feature itself controlled by
\finalandcomma: if you don't want a comma, you can define that macro to produce nothing.