Multiple citations on the same footnote throughout all the document

biblatexfootnotes

I am trying to use the same footnote (to be specific, footcite) on replicated citations with BibLaTeX, as shown in this answer to a related question. However, there are several aspects I want for it to be suitable for what I want to do. I tried to understand the code and modify it, but becuase I am inexperienced on TeX in general, I could not do it.

In a paper I am writing, there are several replicated citations, but sometimes they use the postnote to reference certain pages of the source, which is not possible to do on the answer I referenced, as it ignores the pre- and postnote of the footcite. So I would like for it to be able to avoid multiple footcites on the replicated citations with either the pre- or postnote or both.

Also, I saw that by using the code from the answer, if the same footnote is used on another page, it is still cited at the end of the document. I would not like for it to be like that, as for me, even if it could be useful to the reader, it just uses more space than what I would like, specially if I use so much footcites from previous pages. I don't need this functionality, but I would like it to be implemented.

Here's the template from the document I am writing, in case any of my modifications could interfere with the code needed for this:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[style=apa, citestyle=ext-authoryear-comp, backend=biber]{biblatex}


\addbibresource{main.bib}

\DeclareFieldFormat*[misc]{title}{#1\nopunct} % Deletes dot between title and date in miscallaneous entries

% Replaces pp./p. with colon
\DeclareFieldFormat*{postnote}{#1}
\renewcommand{\postnotedelim}{\addcolon\addthinspace}

% Spacing between bibliography entries
\setlength{\bibitemsep}{\baselineskip}

% Reduces indentation from bibliography entries
\setlength{\bibhang}{0.5cm}

% Adds parenthesis around the date in footcite (extracted from https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/458151/parentheses-around-year-normal-number-in-footnote-and-a-word-before-footnote)
\DeclareInnerCiteDelims{footcite}{\bibopenparen}{\bibcloseparen}

% Adds spacing between the footcite superscript and text (extracted from https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/504573/reduce-the-space-between-inline-footnotes-style-verbose-inote)
\makeatletter
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\leavevmode
    \@makefnmark\nobreak
    \hskip.20em\relax#1%
}
\makeatother

% Adds spacing between footcite entries
\setlength{\footnotesep}{0.75\baselineskip}

% Adds spacing before the footcite superscript (extracted from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/180667)
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@footnotemark{\edef}{\,\edef}{}{}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
    \noindent 
    This is \footcite{github_tts} a \footcite{github_espeak} template \footcite[972]{klatt_1980} from the \footcite[972]{klatt_1980} original document \footcite[742]{klatt_1987}.
    
    \printbibliography[title=Bibliography]
\end{document}

main.bib:

@misc{github_tts,
  title = {GitHub Topics: text-to-speech},
  url = {https://github.com/topics/text-to-speech},
  organization = {GitHub}
}

@misc{github_espeak,
    title = {GitHub: espeak-ng/espeak-ng},
    url = {https://github.com/espeak-ng/espeak-ng},
    organization = {GitHub}
}

@article{klatt_1980,
    author = {Klatt, Dennis H.},
    month = {03},
    pages = {971-995},
    title = {Software for a cascade/parallel formant synthesizer},
    doi = {10.1121/1.383940},
    volume = {67},
    year = {1980},
    journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}
}

@article{klatt_1987,
    author = {Klatt, Dennis H.},
    month = {09},
    pages = {737-793},
    title = {Review of text‐to‐speech conversion for English},
    doi = {10.1121/1.395275},
    volume = {82},
    year = {1987},
    journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}
}

By the way, I also modified the APA citation style, here's the modified apa.bbx, which is the only file I modified.

Best Answer

As far as I have tried, I could not make an automated way to accomplish this by myself, and I would be glad if someone makes it. But I do not think I need an automatic method anymore, as it could bloat the document with code. Here are my attempts of writing an automatic method:

As I said on my comment, I could add both the pre- and postnote to the custom command, but only on the citation not on the footnote itself, and it shows them on the superscript. Furthermore, as I said, I tried changing the wrapper, which yielded undesirable results.

However, I tried afterward to modify the wrapper by comparing it to the biblatex.sty file, which show the original code of the commands used in the wrapper, but did not get to any real progress on it, other than "underscripting" the superscript and doing subtle changes on the footnote, you can see here my results and the code I used.

Now, I came up with an Stack Overflow answer (which I think I already found, but I did not take it in account becuase of some reason) which employs a manual workaround with \footnotemark[footnote index], and with some testing, I found out that satifies all I requested (it solves replicated citations and the footnote is not cited at the end of the document, contrary to what is shown on the answer I referenced on my question). So I think it might be the definite answer to my desires.

This made me change one of my customizations code in accordance to this answer, to this:

% Adds comma between multiple footcites (extracted from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/62091/248557 and https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/285630/248557)
\let\oldFootcite\footcite
\let\oldFootnotemark\footnotemark
\newcommand\nextToken\relax
\renewcommand\footcite[2][]{%
    \oldFootcite[#1]{#2}\futurelet\nextToken\isFootciteOrFootmark}
\renewcommand\footnotemark[1]{%
    \unspace\oldFootnotemark[#1]\futurelet\nextToken\isFootciteOrFootmark} % Also deletes space before the superscript through /unspace
\newcommand\isFootciteOrFootmark{%
    \ifx\footcite\nextToken\textsuperscript{,}%
    \else\ifx\footnotemark\nextToken\textsuperscript{,}\fi%
    \fi}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Beamer: multiple references to the same footnote

The Hfootnote counter is needed for articles because hyperref plays fast and loose with the internals and has its own counters for many things, including footnotes. So when changing a counter in a non-normal fashion, you also have to change the hyperref version, which is usually H<original counter name>.

However, this is only needed when hyperref is making links between things in the document. In this case, it isn't. Beamer turns off much of hyperref's stuff as it loads the package with implicit=false. If you look carefully at the resulting PDF of a beamer presentation with footnotes, you'll see that there are no hyperlinks on footnotes.

So the internal footnote stuff isn't installed, and this is why Marco gets the error that he does: Hfootnote isn't defined.

Thus, in fact, the original solution from the LaTeX WikiBook works absolutely fine in this context:

\documentclass{beamer}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\begin{block}{testblock}
    one program\footnote{open-source software},
    other program\footnotemark[\value{footnote}],
    third program\footnote{proprietry}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Indeed, this is a far more robust version since if you want more references to the same footnote, you can easily just copy that line:

\documentclass{beamer}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\begin{block}{testblock}
    one program\footnote{open-source software},
    other program\footnotemark[\value{footnote}],
    other program\footnotemark[\value{footnote}],
    third program\footnote{proprietry}
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

This would not work with the \addtocounter hack, you'd need to \addtocounter{footnote}{-1} after each use of the footnotemark. However, this still doesn't work with out-of-order footnotes, to do that you'd need to save the footnote marker. Here's a simple hack for that, though I wouldn't be surprised to learn that there's a package to do it more cleanly (and that can cope with saving more than one footnote at a time).

\documentclass{beamer}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\alph{footnote}}
\newcommand{\savefootnote}{\edef\tmpfn{\the\value{footnote}}}
\newcommand{\savedfootnote}{\footnotemark[\tmpfn]}
\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
\begin{block}{testblock}
    one program\footnote{open-source software}\savefootnote,
    other program\savedfootnote,
    fourth program\savedfootnote,
    third program\footnote{proprietry}
    other program\savedfootnote
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

(Note: As this answer has been accepted, and as nothing in the above is actually wrong, I'm adding this rather than deleting the above and replacing it. However, the below is a more accurate analysis and more suitable fix. I still don't claim any elegance, though.)

After a bit of digging, I've discovered that this is nothing to do with beamer whatsoever and everything to do with minipages. The reason that you are seeing this is because when beamer does fancy boxes then the contents get put inside a minipage. Minipages have their own setup for footnotes and so within a minipage we have to hook in to the minipage system instead of the usual one. In particular, minipage footnotes have their own counter, mpfootnote, and this is the one that should be saved. At the start of the minipage environment, the old footnote stuff is replaced by the minipage-specific stuff. This should mean that everything just works. Except that it doesn't, because whoever designed the minipage environment didn't think that someone would want to use the \footnotemark command with an optional argument so the particular bit that that calls isn't swapped.

Fortunately, it's not hard to swap that bit if we need it. Unfortunately, I can't see a way to test if we're in a minipage so we need to define a different command to save the footnote inside a minipage (or a block) to outside. Maybe some passerby will be able to correct this.

Here's a sample code:

\documentclass{article}

\makeatletter
\newcommand{\savefootnote}{%
\edef\tmpfn{\the\value{footnote}}}
\newcommand{\savempfootnote}{%
    \let\@xfootnotemark=\@mpxfootnotemark
\edef\tmpfn{\the\value{footnote}}}
\newcommand{\savedfootnote}{\footnotemark[\tmpfn]}
\def\@mpxfootnotemark[#1]{%
  \begingroup
  \c@footnote #1\relax
  \unrestored@protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
  \endgroup
  \@footnotemark}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

    one program\footnote{open-source software}\savefootnote,
    one program\savedfootnote,
    one program\savedfootnote,
    other program\footnote{proprietry},
    one program\savedfootnote,
\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
    one program\footnote{open-source software}\savempfootnote,
    one program\savedfootnote,
    one program\savedfootnote,
    other program\footnote{proprietry},
    one program\savedfootnote,
\end{minipage}
\end{document}

[Tex/LaTex] Multiple footnote citations of reference on same page

Probably using the authoryear-ibid style and using first \footfullcite and then only \footcite is a little better.

Modifying your MWE to:

\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@article{test,
    title = {Synthesis of Enantiopure Alcohols},
    volume = {71},
    number = {17},
    journal = {J. Org. Chem.},
    author = {Test T.},
    month = aug,
    year = {2006},
    pages = {6333--6445}
}
\end{filecontents*}

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage[style=authoryear-ibid,backend=biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}

First\footfullcite{test}, second\footcite{test} and third time.\footcite{test}

\end{document}

you obtain this result:

enter image description here

The best way, as suggested by Audrey, would be, anyway, to use the verbose-ibid style and simply use \footcite for all the citations.

\documentclass{report}
\usepackage[style=verbose-ibid,backend=biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}

First\footcite{test}, second\footcite{test} and third time.\footcite{test}

\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Beamer: multiple references to the same footnote

[Tex/LaTex] Multiple footnote citations of reference on same page

Related Question