LaTeX array and matrix equal spacing

arraysmatrices

I'm trying to make a matrix with block 0s (so I don't have to write out the zeros). This is what I have

 % Taken from https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/323297/typing-block-matrices-with-zero-blocks-and-seperators
\newcommand{\bigzero}{\mbox{\normalfont\Large\bfseries 0}}

\begin{equation}
\begin{bmatrix}
    \begin{array}{c|c|c}
        \bigzero_{4\times 4} & \begin{matrix}
            1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
        \end{matrix} & \begin{matrix}
            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
            1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
        \end{matrix} \\
        \hline
        \bigzero_{4\times 4} & \begin{matrix}
            X_u & X_w & X_q & -\cos(\theta_1) \\
            Z_u & Z_w & Z_q & \substack{-\sin(\theta_1)\\\times\cos(\phi_1)} \\
            M_u & M_w & M_q & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & \cos(\phi_1) & 0 \\
        \end{matrix} & \begin{matrix}
            X_v & X_p & X_r & 0 \\
            Z_v & Z_p & Z_r & \substack{-\cos(\theta_1)\\\times\sin(\phi_1)} \\
            M_v & M_p & M_r & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & -\sin(\phi_1) & \substack{-q_1\sin(\phi_1) \\- r_1\cos(\phi_1)} \\
        \end{matrix} \\
        \hline
        \bigzero_{4\times 4} & \begin{matrix}
            Y_u & Y_w & Y_q & \substack{-\sin(\phi_1)\\\sin(\theta_1)} \\
            L_u & L_w & L_q & 0 \\
            N_u & N_w & N_q & 0 \\
            0 & 0 & \substack{\sin(\phi_1)\\\times\tan(\theta_1)} & \substack{\substack{(q_1\sin(\phi_1) \\+ r_1\cos(\phi_1))}\\\times\sec^2(\theta_1)} \\
        \end{matrix} & \begin{matrix}
            Y_v & Y_p & Y_r & \substack{\cos(\phi_1)\\\cos(\theta_1)} \\
            L_v & L_p & L_r & 0 \\
            N_v & N_p & N_r & 0 \\
            0 & 1 & \substack{\cos(\phi_1)\\\times\tan(\theta_1)} & \substack{\substack{(q_1\cos(\phi_1)\\- r_1\sin(\phi_1))}\\\times\tan(\theta_1)} \\
        \end{matrix}
    \end{array}
  \end{bmatrix}
\end{equation}

The result looks like this:

Is there a way to get all the terms to line up, instead of the first columns being smaller than the subsequent columns? All the answers I've seen so far only deal with matrices, but not matrices nested in an array

Best Answer

Ahh I ended up getting a solution with nicearray

\underbrace{\begin{bNiceArray}{cccc|cccc|cccc}[cell-space-limits = 4pt]
\Block{4-4}<\Large>{0_{4\times 4}} & & & & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
 & & & & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
 & & & & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
 & & & & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\\hline
\Block{4-4}<\Large>{0_{4\times 4}} & & & & X_u & X_w & X_q & -\cos(\theta_1) & X_v & X_p & X_r & 0 \\
 & & & & Z_u & Z_w & Z_q & \substack{-\sin(\theta_1)\\\times\cos(\phi_1)} & Z_v & Z_p & Z_r & \substack{-\cos(\theta_1)\\\times\sin(\phi_1)} \\
 & & & & M_u & M_w & M_q & 0 & M_v & M_p & M_r & 0 \\
 & & & & 0 & 0 & \cos(\phi_1) & 0 & 0 & 0 & -\sin(\phi_1) & \substack{-q_1\sin(\phi_1) \\- r_1\cos(\phi_1)} \\\hline
\Block{4-4}<\Large>{0_{4\times 4}} & & & & Y_u & Y_w & Y_q & \substack{-\sin(\phi_1)\\\sin(\theta_1)} & Y_v & Y_p & Y_r & \substack{\cos(\phi_1)\\\cos(\theta_1)} \\
 & & & & L_u & L_w & L_q & 0 & L_v & L_p & L_r & 0 \\
 & & & & N_u & N_w & N_q & 0 & N_v & N_p & N_r & 0 \\
 & & & & 0 & 0 & \substack{\sin(\phi_1)\\\times\tan(\theta_1)} & \substack{\substack{(q_1\sin(\phi_1) \\+ r_1\cos(\phi_1))}\\\times\sec^2(\theta_1)} & 0 & 1 & \substack{\cos(\phi_1)\\\times\tan(\theta_1)} & \substack{\substack{(q_1\cos(\phi_1)\\- r_1\sin(\phi_1))}\\\times\tan(\theta_1)}
\end{bNiceArray}}_{A_c}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] LaTeX doesn’t recognize \end{array}

You need to specify the array format; for example:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 2 & 3\\
1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}
\end{align}

\end{document}

enter image description here

Some new information has been given in the comments; the problem comes from using the arrayjob and amsmath packages simultaneously, as this example shows:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{arrayjob}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 2 & 3 \\
1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}
\end{align}

\end{document}

Processing the above document triggers the error

! Argument of \array has an extra }.
<inserted text> 
                \par 
l.12 \end{align}

The conflict comes from the macro name \array used by arrayjob which conflicts with macros in amsmath; the arrayjobx package (which is an improved version of arrayjob) solves this issue using the macro \arrayx instead. Thus, in order to prevent the conflict between the packages arrayjob and amsmath, use arrayjobx instead of arrayjob:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{arrayjobx}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 2 & 3\\
1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}
\end{align}

\end{document}

I am aware that there's no point in using array inside align as I did in my answer; if the only intent is to get a displayed (numbered) expression, the equation environment would be a better choice; if no display number is needed, then \[...\] is enough. I kept the original align just in the hope that the OP's actual expression deserves its use.

[Tex/LaTex] Equal spacing in matrix

Done as a TABstack. The package has a \fixTABwidth{T} option. I've also increased the vertical spacing between lines slightly, to give a more balanced look.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tabstackengine}
\stackMath

\begin{document}

\begin{equation}
\setstackgap{L}{1.1\baselineskip}
\fixTABwidth{T}
U = \parenMatrixstack{
    e^{\frac{i}{\hbar}|A|t} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & e^{-\frac{i}{\hbar}|A|t} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & e^{-\frac{i}{\hbar}|A|t} & 0 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0\\
    0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & e^{\frac{i}{\hbar}|A|t}
}
\end{equation}

\end{document}

enter image description here

It is actually not a "very stupid and elementary question", as given by the many upvotes at this question: Writing a table with equally spaced columns, based on the widest column

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] LaTeX doesn’t recognize \end{array}

[Tex/LaTex] Equal spacing in matrix

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