Have multiple align points

align

How can I achieve multiple align points as illustrated in the picture?

The corresponding latex code:

\begin{align*}
    \int_{}^{} \sin\left(x\right) \sin\left(x\right) \mathrm{d}x 
    =&-\sin\left(x\right) \cos\left(x\right) + \int_{}^{} \cos\left(x\right) ^{2} \mathrm{d}x 
    \\[10pt]
    =&-\sin\left(x\right) \cos\left(x\right) +\int_{}^{} \left( 1-\sin\left(x\right) ^{2} \right) \mathrm{d}x 
    \\[10pt]
    =&-\sin\left(x\right) \cos\left(x\right)  + \int_{}^{} 1 \ \mathrm{d}x - \int_{}^{} \sin\left(x\right) 
    ^{2}\mathrm{d}x 
    \\[10pt]
    \iff &\int_{}^{} \sin\left(x\right) ^{2}= \frac{-\sin\left(x\right) \cos\left(x\right) +x}
\end{align*}

Edit: I don't want to use \phantom{...} to align anything. Also, the integral signs should line up in the first and last line.

Best Answer

[I revised the answer to show the results of two different approaches to the alignment issue.]

If you prefer to align the integral symbols in the first and final rows, you may do so by encasing the first three rows in an interior aligned environment, and then align those three rows on their respective = symbols. You should also change all instances of =& to &= and fix a few further issues (such as supply the missing denominator term in the \frac expression in the final row), drop the _{}^{} "suffix" from all \int directives, and replace all instances of \left(x\right) with just x in order to cut down on the visual clutter.

Speaking for myself, I believe the whole expression would look just as good, and maybe even better [!], if all four rows were aligned on their = symbols. This may be achieved with the use of a single align* environment; see the lower half of the following screenshot.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % for 'align*' and 'aligned' environments
\begin{document}

% alignment on the \int symbols in rows 1 and 4:
\begin{align*}
&\begin{aligned}
\int \sin x \sin x \,\mathrm{d}x 
    &= -\sin x \cos x + \int \cos^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x       \\
    &= -\sin x \cos x +\int ( 1-\sin^2 x ) \,\mathrm{d}x  \\
    &= -\sin x \cos x  + \int 1 \,\mathrm{d}x 
               - \int \sin^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x 
\end{aligned} \\[\jot]
\iff & {\int} \sin^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x = \frac{-\sin x \cos x +x}{2}
\end{align*}

\bigskip
% alignment of the `=` symbols in all 4 rows:
\begin{align*}
\int \sin x \sin x \,\mathrm{d}x 
    &= -\sin x \cos x + \int \cos^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x       \\
    &= -\sin x \cos x +\int ( 1-\sin^2 x ) \,\mathrm{d}x  \\
    &= -\sin x \cos x  + \int 1 \,\mathrm{d}x 
               - \int \sin^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x  \\[\jot]
\iff \int \sin^2 x \,\mathrm{d}x
    &= \frac{-\sin x \cos x +x}{2}
\end{align*}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Multiple align points and multiple equations

I believe you're using a two column format.

The environment split only accepts one alignment point; you can use \mathmakebox from mathtools (that also loads amsmath) and calc:

\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{calc}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\begin{split}
z_1^{i,j}
    & = a_1^{} x_1^{i,j} + b_1^{} \delta_1^{i,j} \\
    & \qquad+ \sum_k y_k^{i,j}
      \qquad \forall i,j
\end{split}
\\
\begin{split}
z_2^{i,j}
    & = a_2^{} x_2^{i,j} + b_2^{} \delta_2^{i,j} + c_2^{} \\
    & \qquad + \mathmakebox[\widthof{$\displaystyle\sum_k y_k^{i,j}$}][l]{z_1^{i,j}}
      \qquad \forall i,j
\end{split}
\end{align}
\end{document}

Note that \, between factors is not used, while ^{} is recommended in order to push subscripts at the same level. The + on the second line shouldn't be under the equals sign, as it belongs to the right hand side of the expression.

enter image description here

However, the subscripts are not really level, because of j at the exponent, so you might want a slightly more complex adjustment:

\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{calc}

\newcommand{\adjs}[1]{^{\vphantom{#1}}}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\begin{split}
z_1^{i,j}
    & = a_1\adjs{j} x_1^{i,j} + b_1\adjs{j} \delta_1^{i,j} \\
    & \qquad+ \sum_k y_k^{i,j}
      \qquad \forall i,j
\end{split}
\\
\begin{split}
z_2^{i,j}
    & = a_2\adjs{j} x_2^{i,j} + b_2\adjs{j} \delta_2^{i,j} + c_2\adjs{j} \\
    & \qquad + \mathmakebox[\widthof{$\displaystyle\sum_k y_k^{i,j}$}][l]{z_1^{i,j}}
      \qquad \forall i,j
\end{split}
\end{align}
\end{document}

enter image description here

Align 2 lines horizontally starting from a dash symbol , with the first previous one without subscript and the second previous one with subscript

Use \hphantom{\mathrm{GC_{sp}}}\llap{$\mathrm{WL}$} in the first row and GC_{sp} in the second. The \hphantom produces a space that is as wide as GC_{sp}, and the \llap typesets $\mathrm{WL}$ into that space, right-aligned.

Using \rlap{$\mathrm{WL}$}\hphantom{\mathrm{GC_{sp}}} in the first row instead will make it left-aligned.

Addendum: The following works:

fisher_1.name = '\\rlap{$\\mathrm{WL}$}\\hphantom{\\mathrm{GC_{sp}}} - FoM=47.05'
fisher_2.name = 'GC_{sp} - FoM=60.49'

The challenge is that cosmicfish compiles the rows separately (one LaTeX run per row), therefore \halign or a table package cannot be used.

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Multiple align points and multiple equations

Align 2 lines horizontally starting from a dash symbol , with the first previous one without subscript and the second previous one with subscript

Related Question