‘Fill’ image within a box while maintaining aspect ratio

adjustboxfillgraphicsscale

I want to specify a box with certain dimensions, say \textwidth by \textheight, and then "fill" it with an image such that the image aspect ratio is maintained, there is no white space in the box, and any excess part of the image is cropped. Image aspect ratio can be any value.

If it were a Microsoft Windows desktop wallpaper it would be the "fill" setting.

To achieve the same thing with CSS one would use background-size: cover; see interactive example

I have already looked at the documentation of graphicx and adjustbox and found no answer, but perhaps I missed something.

It is also necessary to specify the anchor point, e.g. the bottom left corner of the image should coincide with the bottom left corner of the box.

The ideal interface would be something like \fillimage[width=\textwidth,height=\textheight,anchor=bottom left]{example-image}

Update: I now have half of the problem solved. See MWE below. Note how each of the images is cropped to fit.

Remaining problems:

controlling the "anchor" location properly
having to manually specify whether the image is too wide or too tall

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[x=\textwidth,y=\textheight]
    \clip (-0.5,-0.5) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
    \node[inner sep=0pt,anchor=center] (0,0) {\includegraphics[height=\textheight,keepaspectratio]{example-image-golden}};
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}[x=\textwidth,y=\textheight]
    \clip (-0.5,-0.5) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
    \node[inner sep=0pt,anchor=center] (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio]{example-image-golden-upright}};
\end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}

Best Answer

Using overzoom in tcolorbox can sometimes also be helpful

Here is a grid image which might help to figure out what is happening

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}

\begin{document}

\section{Original image set to height 10cm}

\includegraphics[height=10cm]{grid100.jpg}

\section{Overzoom at height 11cm width 5cm}

By default the focus is on the middle part

\begin{tcolorbox}[enhanced,width=5cm,height=11cm,interior style={fill overzoom image=grid100.jpg}]
\end{tcolorbox}

\section{Overzoom at height 2cm width 15cm}

\begin{tcolorbox}[enhanced,width=15cm,height=2cm,interior style={fill overzoom image=grid100.jpg}]
\end{tcolorbox}

\section{ starred version of the key to pass options to includegraphics and so use trim or viewport}

\begin{tcolorbox}[enhanced,width=5cm,height=11cm,interior style={fill overzoom image*={trim=4cm 4cm 0cm 0cm}{grid100.jpg}}]
\end{tcolorbox}

\begin{tcolorbox}[enhanced,width=15cm,height=2cm,interior style={fill overzoom image*={viewport= 5cm 1cm 10cm 10cm}{grid100.jpg}}]
\end{tcolorbox}


\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] \addplot graphics: maintaining image’s aspect ratio despite different scaling of axes

This is a feature request for pgfplots. The current implementation of \addplot graphics can squeeze a graphics into the axis. But reconfiguring the axis according to the natural size of the graphics is only implemented for the advanced \addplot3 graphics[points=...].

Interestingly, the use-case illustrated in your example is actually simpler than the other ones... must have been forgotten.

Here is a draft for a macro which supports it:

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.10}
\begin{document}

\makeatletter
\newcommand\addplotgraphicsnatural[2][]{%
    \begingroup
    % set options in this local group (will be lost afterwards):
    \pgfqkeys{/pgfplots/plot graphics}{#1}%
    % measure the natural size of the graphics:
    \setbox0=\hbox{\includegraphics{#2}}%
    %
    % compute the required unit vector ratio:
    \pgfmathparse{\wd0/(\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/plot graphics/xmax} - \pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/plot graphics/xmin})}%
    \let\xunit=\pgfmathresult
    \pgfmathparse{\ht0/(\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/plot graphics/ymax} - \pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/plot graphics/ymin})}%
    \let\yunit=\pgfmathresult
    %
    % configure pgfplots to use it.
    % The \xdef expands all macros except those prefixed by '\noexpand'
    % and assigns the result to a global macro named '\marshal'.
    \xdef\marshal{%
        \noexpand\pgfplotsset{unit vector ratio={\xunit\space \yunit}}%
    }%
    \endgroup
    %
    % use our macro here:
    \marshal
    %
    \addplot graphics[#1] {#2};
}   
\makeatother

\begin{tikzpicture}
 \begin{axis}[
  axis on top,
  xmin=0,xmax=10,ymin=0,ymax=1,
  enlargelimits=false,
  ]
  \addplotgraphicsnatural[xmin=0,xmax=10,ymin=0,ymax=1]{example-image-10x16}

  \end{axis}
  \node[red,anchor=south] at (current axis.north) {This is what I want};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

enter image description here

The new macro reads the (mandatory) limits from the options and computes correct unit vector ratios accordingly.

My image example-image-10x16 is

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{pgfplots}

\pgfplotsset{compat=1.9}
\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[view={0}{90},axis equal image,hide axis]
    \addplot3[surf,shader=interp,patch type=bilinear,
        mesh/color input=explicit]
    coordinates {
        (0,0,0) [color=blue] (10,0,0) [color=green]

        (0,16,0) [color=yellow] (10,16,1) [color=red]
    };
    \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

[Tex/LaTex] How to correctly clip with viewports with includegraphics and beamer columns

epstopdf takes the bounding box of SmatExample.eps:

%%BoundingBox: 14 14 723 1147

to create the PDF file. The image is moved to (0,0), and a new media size is calculated:

/MediaBox [0 0 709 1133]

The coordinates of gv/gsview/... are based on the EPS version. For the PDF version and viewport, the coordinates needs to be corrected by subtracting the old origin values of the bounding box. Actually the following example subtracts 13 in both cases:

\documentclass[compress,red,notes]{beamer}

\begin{document}

\frame{\frametitle{}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 717 658 1133, clip]{SmatExample}
\\
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 426 709 709, clip]{SmatExample}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 0 709 422, clip]{SmatExample}
\end{column}

\end{columns}
}
\end{document}

\fbox is helpful for a visual control of the viewports:

\documentclass[compress,red,notes]{beamer}

\begin{document}

\setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{.1pt}

\frame{\frametitle{}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
\fbox{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 717 658 1133, clip]{SmatExa
\\
\fbox{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 426 709 709, clip]{SmatExam
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
\fbox{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, viewport=0 0 709 422, clip]{SmatExampl
\end{column}
\end{columns}
}
\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] \addplot graphics: maintaining image’s aspect ratio despite different scaling of axes

[Tex/LaTex] How to correctly clip with viewports with includegraphics and beamer columns

Related Question