Why is it that solids on compression [As in striking a hammer etc.] heat up,
but liquids and gases on compression [Pressurizing liquids causes them to freeze or gases to liquify] cool down?
[Physics] Why does fluid compression cool it up, unlike solids
condensationpressuresolid mechanicsthermodynamicswater
Related Solutions
As far as I understand the idea is very simple:
as the bottle is covered in a film of water (due to a leakage of the container), this can evaporate. Due to the Boltzman distribution this will also happen well below $100°C$. The process of evaporating though takes energy from the system (called latent heat). This cools down the bottle.
If the surrounding air is "filled with water" it is harder for the liquid to evaporate and thus slowing the process, so always bringing fresh air to the system helps.
This is basically the concept of sweating as well, where you can immediately feel the effect of wind blowing on your moist skin.
Hope this helps and I didn't miss something.
The density of water rises from 0 to 4 degrees celsius. So you would have a gradient of water temperatures. On the bottom 4 degrees celsius and colder water above it. This is also the reason why fish survive in winter, they just dive to the bottom where the temperature stays warm longer. Also the density of ice is smaller than water so it will float.
Best Answer
Your basic premise is wrong. Compressing things makes them heat up. With gasses this is even nicely predictable over a wide range. Look up something called the ideal gas law.
If you compress a gas enough then it will undergo a phase change and turn to liquid. This will release even more heat than just compressing the gas because the gaseous state of a substance has more energy than the liquid state. This is what the heat of vaporization is about, and why you have to heat a liquid to make it boil (change phase to its gaseous state).
Steam heat systems work on the reverse principle. The steam condenses on the inside of the pipe, thereby releasing a lot of heat, which heats the pipe, which heats the room. The condensed water returning to the boiler contains less energy than when it left the boiler as steam.