electromagnetismmagnetic fields
Suppose I have a current carrying solenoid with a strong magnetic field inside and outside it.
Now I bring a good compass inside that solenoid now I would like you to tell me the direction of North Pole of that compass in which it will get deflected, either towards the South Pole or North Pole of the solenoid.
Please Explain your answer.
For more details please view this:-
Where is the deflection of compass needle when placed inside a current carrying solenoid?
You are correct in saying that the pole near the Arctic circle is really the south pole of the Earth's magnetic field because the north pole of a bar-magnet points towards it. (Wiki)
That said, it is purely convention what you define on a bar magnet to be north and south - we've named the side that points towards the Arctic circle to be the north pole of the bar magnet, and since people don't immediately identify this seeking behavior as opposite poles attracting, we tend to think the earth's field at the Arctic circle is also a north pole when it is strictly speaking, a south magnetic pole.
Also, I would add that the magnetic poles don't coincide with the geographic poles - the latter define the points of intersection of the Earth's rotational axis with the surface of the Earth. We know for a fact that the magnetic poles have shifted (even reversed) with respect to the geographic poles during the history of the Earth. (Wiki)
You shouldn't think about it as being attracted towards one of the poles, but rather the needle aligns itself with the magnetic field lines. A magnet generates field lines that look like the following:
The field lines from the magnet extend throughout all space, which is how we are able to detect them on the surface of the earth. What your compass needle is doing is aligning itself with the arrows in the diagram above, which tells you in what direction the field points at that location, which also implies in what direction the south pole of the magnet is.
Magnetic fields are also generated by current carrying wires. To understand why moving charges (currents) create a magnetic field, see this answer: How do moving charges produce magnetic fields?. Up close, these fields can be stronger than that of the earth, and therefore the needle will align it self with the net field near the wire.
Best Answer
The compass will line up so that it's field lines align with the field lines of the solenoid. This will mean the north pole of the compass will point towards the north pole of the solenoid.