[Physics] vacuum

gaspressurevacuum

It is well known that where there is nothing there is a vacuum. How is this possible, as we have gas all around world and it is the job of air to fill the empty spaces. So why doesn't air get dispersed and fill those places?

Does a vacuum create pressure? If yes, why is there no pressure between molecules of gases or any other place like outer space? And if no, then it is lengthy! If we start emptying a tumbler it creates pressure (low pressure area), and then why would the tumbler have no pressure at all after ejecting all the air from it?

Please correct where I have gone wrong with an easy-to-understand answer.

Best Answer

You are right - "Nature abhors a vacuum". That is - where there is "nothing", "something" will quickly finds its way there. This is why it's hard to keep your desk tidy...

But seriously - if you prevent "something" from reaching the "nothing", then you will continue to have "nothing". Which is why people build vacuum chambers. It is remarkably hard to make a really good vacuum on earth, as any surface that you use to contain the vacuum (of course you are really "keeping the something out", but in vacuum technology one often speaks of keeping the vacuum in) will have a tendency to give off occasional molecules. This can be adsorbed gas (a thin layer of gas molecules that were sticking to the surface), dirt, - anything. To make a good vacuum you need really clean components, and they usually have to be heated to help remove any contamination from the surface.

In outer space, there's a pretty good (but not perfect) vacuum - I have read that there are about 50 hydrogen atoms per cubic meter. So wherever you look, you will from time to time see an atom.

So no- for the purpose of your question, vacuum does not create a pressure to keep things out: it's just a space where either "molecules have been pulled away" or "molecules have a hard time getting to". And there is no "perfect" vacuum.