What's a good telescope for my 6 year old? We're both brand new to telescopes in general, but love space, stars, planets, cosmology, etc. Happy to spend up to $200 to start. Maybe more for a good reason…
UPDATE: Thank you guys for all the really great answers. I'm about to purchase the Celestron AstroMaster 114 EQ. Seems like the best value for the money based on the feedback below.
Best Answer
Telescopes (and binoculars) are, primarily, light-concentrating devices. I get the impression that most people unfamiliar with telescopes think of a telescope as a "microscope pointing upwards". It is no such thing; a microscope's purpose is to magnify the image of a small object, and it uses a "strong" backlight for illuminating the object under the eyepiece. On the other hand, a telescope "funnels" the available light from the object itself (which might be feeble); the amplification of the image comes second, in that respect, so if you amplify an image you're spreading the same light over a wider area. Remember that when buying a telescope from a vendor claiming "large magnifications" (read: "unreasonable expectations").
With that idea of telescope/binoculars as light-funneling-devices in mind, the very first thing I'd suggest (since you're starting out) is that you buy binoculars instead of a telescope. The usually recommended binoculars are 7x50, 8x50 or 10x50 (to the left of the x is the magnification, to the right of the x is the diameter (in milimeters) of the objective, where light goes in). Anything smaller doesn't capture that much light; anything bigger than that becomes too heavy and unwieldy, both for you and for your kid. Since he's still young I'd recommend a lighter 7x50 which is still quite good.
There are several reasons for picking binoculars instead of a telescope.
However, if you insist on buying a telescope, I suggest that you start out with something relatively inexpensive. There are two instruments that I can suggest for a small child.
I'm suggesting these because they're "tabletop" telescopes, meaning you just have to put them on a flat, level surface: it comes with its own "mount" so that you don't have to spend more money buying an equatorial mount (although there's nothing wrong with that and it's perfectly possible).
You can consider buying a larger telescope when both you and your child find out you want to take this hobby more seriously. These two are also relatively inexpensive and easily manageable. They'll allow you to view the larger features on the Moon, identify satellites around Jupiter, identify Saturn's ring. You won't see much details though, but it's still good for starting up.
If you spend a few good nights with that, you'll gradually want to progress further -- either choosing a telescope or a binoculars. But those are a good compromise between not being sure if you want to take it past one or two tries, or getting used to "what it feels like" before going for something more ambitious.
In any case, I also recommend two more things.
One final important advice. I don't presume you'd overlook this, but never point and look with a telescope (or binoculars) at the Sun. (Hint: Have you ever burnt ants with a magnifying glass? That's what I'm talking about.) If you're observing at night you should be safe about this (for obvious reasons) but during the daylight you'll have to watch your boy so that he doesn't accidentally look to the Sun (e.g. when spotting an animal on a tree).