[Physics] Example of the time-independent Schrödinger equation having a complex solution

quantum mechanicsschroedinger equationwavefunction

We know $\Psi(x,t)$ is complex, but can $\Psi(x)$ be complex? I have seen particle in a box, well and harmonic oscillator. All have real solutions for time-independent Schrödinger equation. Hence, I am curious to know examples where it is complex. This question says that it is possible, hence my request is for examples and references.

Best Answer

A charged particle in external magnetic field has the following Hamiltonian:

$$\hat H=\frac1{2m}\left(\hat{\vec p}-q\vec A\right)^2+qV,$$

where $\vec A$ is vector potential, $V$ is scalar potential and $\hat{\vec p}=-i\hbar\nabla$ is momentum operator.

If you set $\vec A\not=0$, you'll get non-trivially complex wavefunction, and there will be no degeneracy due to time inversion symmetry as is the case for usual running wave, because magnetic field breaks time-inversion symmetry.