#thresholding #matrixImage Processing Toolboxlocal binary pattern
ind = 1:size(A,1);A(:,3) = arrayfun(@(x) I(A(x,1),A(x,2)), ind)';% Computes the local binary pattern of an image. Actually 8 of them with the "starting point" for the binary number at each of the 8 neighbor directions.
clc; % Clear the command window.
close all; % Close all figures (except those of imtool.)
imtool close all; % Close all imtool figures.
clear; % Erase all existing variables.
workspace; % Make sure the workspace panel is showing.
fontSize = 20;% Read in a standard MATLAB gray scale demo image.
folder = fileparts(which('cameraman.tif')); % Determine where demo folder is (works with all versions).
baseFileName = 'cameraman.tif';% Get the full filename, with path prepended.
fullFileName = fullfile(folder, baseFileName);if ~exist(fullFileName, 'file') % Didn't find it there. Check the search path for it.
fullFileName = baseFileName; % No path this time.
if ~exist(fullFileName, 'file') % Still didn't find it. Alert user.
errorMessage = sprintf('Error: %s does not exist.', fullFileName); uiwait(warndlg(errorMessage)); return; endendgrayImage = imread(fullFileName);% Get the dimensions of the image. numberOfColorBands should be = 1.
[rows columns numberOfColorBands] = size(grayImage);% Display the original gray scale image.
subplot(2, 2, 1);imshow(grayImage, []);title('Original Grayscale Image', 'FontSize', fontSize);% Enlarge figure to full screen.
set(gcf, 'Units', 'Normalized', 'OuterPosition', [0, 0.04, 1, 0.96]);set(gcf,'name','Image Analysis Demo','numbertitle','off')% Let's compute and display the histogram.
[pixelCount grayLevels] = imhist(grayImage);subplot(2, 2, 2);bar(pixelCount, 'BarWidth', 1, 'EdgeColor', 'none');grid on;title('Histogram of Original Gray Scale Image', 'FontSize', fontSize);xlim([0 grayLevels(end)]); % Scale x axis manually.
% Preallocate/instantiate array for the local binary pattern.
localBinaryPatternImage1 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage2 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage3 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage4 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage5 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage6 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage7 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');localBinaryPatternImage8 = zeros(size(grayImage), 'uint8');tic;for row = 2 : rows - 1 for col = 2 : columns - 1 centerPixel = grayImage(row, col); pixel7=grayImage(row-1, col-1) > centerPixel; pixel6=grayImage(row-1, col) > centerPixel; pixel5=grayImage(row-1, col+1) > centerPixel; pixel4=grayImage(row, col+1) > centerPixel; pixel3=grayImage(row+1, col+1) > centerPixel; pixel2=grayImage(row+1, col) > centerPixel; pixel1=grayImage(row+1, col-1) > centerPixel; pixel0=grayImage(row, col-1) > centerPixel; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the upper left.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel7 * 2^7 + pixel6 * 2^6 + ... pixel5 * 2^5 + pixel4 * 2^4 + ... pixel3 * 2^3 + pixel2 * 2^2 + ... pixel1 * 2 + pixel0); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower.
% eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7]));
localBinaryPatternImage1(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the upper middle.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel6 * 2^7 + pixel5 * 2^6 + ... pixel5 * 2^4 + pixel3 * 2^4 + ... pixel3 * 2^2 + pixel1 * 2^2 + ... pixel0 * 2 + pixel7); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage2(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the upper right.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel5 * 2^7 + pixel4 * 2^6 + ... pixel3 * 2^5 + pixel2 * 2^4 + ... pixel1 * 2^3 + pixel0 * 2^2 + ... pixel7 * 2 + pixel6); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage3(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the center right.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel4 * 2^7 + pixel3 * 2^6 + ... pixel2 * 2^5 + pixel1 * 2^4 + ... pixel0 * 2^3 + pixel7 * 2^2 + ... pixel6 * 2 + pixel5); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage4(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the lower right.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel3 * 2^7 + pixel2 * 2^6 + ... pixel1 * 2^5 + pixel0 * 2^4 + ... pixel7 * 2^3 + pixel6 * 2^2 + ... pixel5 * 2 + pixel0); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage5(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the lower center.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel2 * 2^7 + pixel1 * 2^6 + ... pixel0 * 2^5 + pixel7 * 2^4 + ... pixel6 * 2^3 + pixel5 * 2^2 + ... pixel4 * 2 + pixel3); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage6(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the lower left.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel1 * 2^7 + pixel0 * 2^6 + ... pixel7 * 2^5 + pixel6 * 2^4 + ... pixel5 * 2^3 + pixel4 * 2^2 + ... pixel3 * 2 + pixel2); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage7(row, col) = eightBitNumber; % Create LBP image with the starting, LSB pixel in the center left.
eightBitNumber = uint8(... pixel0 * 2^7 + pixel7 * 2^6 + ... pixel6 * 2^5 + pixel5 * 2^4 + ... pixel4 * 2^3 + pixel3 * 2^2 + ... pixel2 * 2 + pixel1); % Or you can use the built-in function bwpack(), which is somewhat simpler but a lot slower. % eightBitNumber = uint8(bwpack([pixel0; pixel1; pixel2; pixel3; pixel4; pixel5; pixel6; pixel7])); localBinaryPatternImage8(row, col) = eightBitNumber; endendtoc;% Outer layer of pixels will be zero because they didn't have 8 neighbors.
% So, to avoid a huge spike in the histogram at zero, replace the outer layer of pixels with the next closest layer.
localBinaryPatternImage1(1, :) = localBinaryPatternImage1(2, :);localBinaryPatternImage1(end, :) = localBinaryPatternImage1(end-1, :);localBinaryPatternImage1(:, 1) = localBinaryPatternImage1(:, 2);localBinaryPatternImage1(:, end) = localBinaryPatternImage1(:, end-1);subplot(2,2,3);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage1, []);title('Local Binary Pattern', 'FontSize', fontSize);hp = impixelinfo();hp.Units = 'normalized';hp.Position = [0.2, 0.5, .5, .03];subplot(2,2,4);[pixelCounts, GLs] = imhist(uint8(localBinaryPatternImage1(2:end-1, 2:end-1)));bar(GLs, pixelCounts, 'BarWidth', 1, 'EdgeColor', 'none');grid on;title('Histogram of Local Binary Pattern', 'FontSize', fontSize);% Bring up another figure with all 8 LBP images on it, plus the average of them all.
LBPAverageImage = (double(localBinaryPatternImage1) + double(localBinaryPatternImage2) + double(localBinaryPatternImage3) + double(localBinaryPatternImage4) + double(localBinaryPatternImage5) + double(localBinaryPatternImage6) + double(localBinaryPatternImage7) + double(localBinaryPatternImage8)) / 8;figure;subplot(3, 3, 1);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage1);title('LSB at upper left', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 2);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage2);title('LSB at upper center', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 3);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage3);title('LSB at upper right', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 6);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage4);title('LSB at center right', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 9);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage5);title('LSB at lower right', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 8);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage6);title('LSB at lower center', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 7);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage7);title('LSB at lower left', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 4);imshow(localBinaryPatternImage8);title('LSB at center left', 'FontSize', fontSize);subplot(3, 3, 5);imshow(LBPAverageImage, []);title('Average of the 8', 'FontSize', fontSize, 'Color', 'r', 'FontWeight', 'bold');% Enlarge figure to full screen.set(gcf, 'Units', 'Normalized', 'OuterPosition', [0, 0.04, 1, 0.96]);set(gcf,'name','Image Analysis Demo','numbertitle','off')impixelinfo;% threshold(128, 255, localBinaryPatternImage);
% Run through each gray level, displaying a map of where these gray levels occur.
% figure;
% for gl = 0 : 255
% binaryImage = localBinaryPatternImage1 == gl;
% imshow(binaryImage);
% caption = sprintf('LBP Image. Pixels with Gray Level = %d', gl);
% title(caption, 'FontSize', 12);
% drawnow;
% pause(0.04);
% end
Best Answer