I have a problem with matlab. When i run it, it shows
Attempted to access Lighto(13); index out of bounds because numel(Lighto)=12.Error in firefly_simple (line 88) disp(['Iteration ' num2str(i) ': optimum value = ' num2str(Lighto(i))]);Here is the code of my program, plz check it.
function [best]=firefly_simple(instr) % n=number of fireflies
% MaxGeneration=number of pseudo time steps
if nargin<1, instr=[12 20]; end n=instr(1); MaxGeneration=instr(2); % Show info
help firefly_simple.m if true % code
end % ------ Four peak functions ---------------------
str1='exp(-(x-4)^2-(y-4)^2)+exp(-(x+4)^2-(y-4)^2)'; str2='+2*exp(-x^2-(y+4)^2)+2*exp(-x^2-y^2)'; funstr=strcat(str1,str2); % Converting to an inline function
f=vectorize(inline(funstr)); % range=[xmin xmax ymin ymax];
range=[-5 5 -5 5]; % ------------------------------------------------
alpha=0.2; % Randomness 0--1 (highly random)
gamma=1.0; % Absorption coefficient
delta=0.97; % Randomness reduction (similar to
%a = clock; % an annealing schedule)
% ------------------------------------------------ % Grid values are used for display only
Ngrid=100; dx=(range(2)-range(1))/Ngrid; dy=(range(4)-range(3))/Ngrid; [x,y]=meshgrid(range(1):dx:range(2),... range(3):dy:range(4)); z=f(x,y); % Display the shape of the objective function
figure(1); surfc(x,y,z); % ------------------------------------------------ % generating the initial locations of n fireflies
[xn,yn,Lightn]=init_ffa(n,range); % Display the paths of fireflies in a figure with
% contours of the function to be optimized
figure(2); % Iterations or pseudo time marching
for i=1:MaxGeneration, %%%%%start iterations
% Show the contours of the function
contour(x,y,z,15); hold on; % Evaluate new solutions
zn=f(xn,yn); % Ranking the fireflies by their light intensity
[Lightn,Index]=sort(zn); xn=xn(Index); yn=yn(Index); xo=xn; yo=yn; Lighto=Lightn; % Trace the paths of all roaming fireflies
plot(xn,yn,'.','markersize',10,'markerfacecolor','g'); % Move all fireflies to the better locations
[xn,yn]=ffa_move(xn,yn,Lightn,xo,yo,Lighto,alpha,gamma,range); drawnow; % Use "hold on" to show the paths of fireflies
hold off; disp(['Iteration ' num2str(i) ': optimum value = ' num2str(Lighto(i))]); % Reduce randomness as iterations proceed
%alpha=alpha_new(alpha,MaxGeneration);
alpha=newalpha(alpha,delta); % etime(clock,a)
end %%%%%end of iterations
best(:,1)=xo'; best(:,2)=yo'; best(:,3)=Lighto'; %%Results
figure; plot(Lighto,'LineWidth',2); %semilogy(Lighto,'LineWidth',2);
xlabel('Iteration'); ylabel('optimum value'); grid on; % ----- All subfunctions are listed here ---------
% The initial locations of n fireflies
function [xn,yn,Lightn]=init_ffa(n,range) xrange=range(2)-range(1); yrange=range(4)-range(3); xn=rand(1,n)*xrange+range(1); yn=rand(1,n)*yrange+range(3); Lightn=zeros(size(yn)); % Move all fireflies toward brighter ones
function [xn,yn]=ffa_move(xn,yn,Lightn,xo,yo,... Lighto,alpha,gamma,range) ni=size(yn,2); nj=size(yo,2); for i=1:ni, % The attractiveness parameter beta=exp(-gamma*r)
for j=1:nj, r=sqrt((xn(i)-xo(j))^2+(yn(i)-yo(j))^2); if Lightn(i)<Lighto(j), % Brighter and more attractive
beta0=1; beta=beta0*exp(-gamma*r.^2); xn(i)=xn(i).*(1-beta)+xo(j).*beta+alpha.*(rand-0.5); yn(i)=yn(i).*(1-beta)+yo(j).*beta+alpha.*(rand-0.5); end end % end for j
end % end for i
[xn,yn]=findrange(xn,yn,range); % Reduce the randomness during iterations
function alpha=newalpha(alpha,delta) alpha=alpha*delta; % Make sure the fireflies are within the range
function [xn,yn]=findrange(xn,yn,range) for i=1:length(yn), if xn(i)<=range(1), xn(i)=range(1); end if xn(i)>=range(2), xn(i)=range(2); end if yn(i)<=range(3), yn(i)=range(3); end if yn(i)>=range(4), yn(i)=range(4); end end % ============== end =====================================
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