Sadly, it's a known and old problem with subsref overloading. You cannot overload the syntax obj.prop{:}. Since the issue has been around for at least 7 years, my guess is it's buried too deep in the MATLAB source code to ever be fixed.
You can, of course, do things like this as a workaround,
C=instance.some_cell;
C{:}
Incidentally, it is a numel issue ( EDIT: or rather an issue in the way nargout interacts with numel). For user-defined classes, MATLAB's default numel for expressions obj.prop will always return 1. Overloading numel can't fix this, because dot-indexing expressions won't invoke the overloaded NUMEL method.
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