First you should convert the values to binary. You can do that with num2hex() to get hex that can be converted. Or you can use typecast() to reform the number into one of the unsigned integer data types.
Once you have the number in an unsigned integer data type, you can use bitget() or dec2bin() or de2bi() to convert the number into a binary form, from which you can extract individual groups of bits.
As a practical matter, I would point out that if you use dec2bin() on a uint64() then the number will be converted to double precision before it is converted to binary, and that is going to lose about 13 bits of value in the process (because uint64 are 64 bits and double precision can represent 53 bits.) I would therefore suggest that if you are planning to use dec2bin() that you do not typecast() to uint64 -- typecast to either uint8() or uint32() instead.
But personally I would probably typecast() to uint64, mod() to get the mantissa, bitshift() to remove the mantissa, mod() to get the exponent, bitshift() to get the sign...
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