Diamagnetic Inequality for Negative Sobolev Spaces

fa.functional-analysissobolev-spaces

Let us look at the subspace of smooth complex functions of $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{C})$, call $H^s$ the Sobolev spaces. By the diamagnetic inequality $\lvert \nabla \lvert\psi\rvert\rvert (x) \le \lvert\nabla \psi\rvert(x)$ (a proof is here), we have
\begin{align*}
\lVert\,\lvert\psi\rvert\,\rVert_{H^s} \le c_s \lVert \psi\rVert_{H^s}
\end{align*}

for $s=1$ and $c_1 = 1$, where $c_1$ does not depend on $\psi$. It is also true for $s=0$ with $c_0 = 1$. Do we have such a result for $s=-1$, with $c_{-1} < + \infty$?

Best Answer

This is not true in the case of $H^{-1}(\Omega) = H_0^1(\Omega)^*$ (real spaces), where $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^d$ is bounded:

I would expect that the same arguments can be adopted to your situation.

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