Why is the dish combinations in this problem 45 and not 12

combinatorics

At a restaurant, customers can choose up to four side dishes and up to two main courses. If a customer must have at least 1 side dish and 1 main course, how many distinct dinner plate combinations are possible?

The answer is 45. I can only calculate 12.

Call the four side dishes A,B,C,D.
Call the Main courses E and F.

E goes with A,B,C,D.
F goes with A,B,C,D.

8 current.

Now EF goes with A,B,C,D.

12 total.

Best Answer

If any number of side dishes are allowed, then you may note that there are in total $2^4 - 1 = 15$ combinations of side dishes and $2^2 - 1 = 3$ combinations of main dishes, so a total of $15 \cdot 3 = 45$ total combinations.

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