Verify that $\sinh x\simeq x$

asymptoticshyperbolic-functions

In fact, I came across the following statement:
$$
\frac{\sinh ix}{\sinh ix+i\cosh ix}\simeq\sinh x\simeq x.
$$

Unfortunately, the claim by itself is incomplete, as it is not clear what $x$ is. (Is it real/complex? Is it large/small?)

A likely argumentation is the following: Since
$$
\frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x}\simeq\sin x\simeq x\quad\text{for $x$ sufficiently small}
$$

and
$$
\frac{\sinh ix}{\sinh ix+i\cosh ix}=\frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x},
$$

we have
$$
\frac{\sinh ix}{\sinh ix+i\cosh ix}\simeq\sin x\simeq x.
$$

But $\sinh x\simeq\sin x$ for $x$ sufficiently small, which yields the statement.

I would like to provide a more detailed verification (e.g. using series expansion), especially to see if under the condition that $x$ be sufficiently small the approximation will indeed be valid. Any help is welcome, thanks.

Best Answer

$\sinh x=\dfrac {x^1}{1!}+\dfrac{x^3}{3!}+\dfrac{x^5}{5!}+\cdots$,

so asymptotically $\sinh x\sim x$ as $x\to0$ in $\mathbb R$ or $\mathbb C$.