Two rates of change

calculusderivativesintegrationordinary differential equationsrelated-rates

Two mice (say $A$ and $B$) eat a piece of food. The rate of consumption for $A$ is proportional to amount of food left(Proportionality constant = $2$) and rate of consumption for $B$ is proportional to amount of food eaten by $A$(Proportionality constant = $1/2$ ).

Find the time it takes the food to be finished.

Also find the time after which the rate of consumption of both mice is same.

My Attempt

Let $F_A$ and $F_B$ be the amount of food eaten by A and B after time t.

$\frac{dF_A}{dt}=-2\{N-(F_A+F_B)\}$

$\frac{dF_B}{dt}=\frac{1}{2}F_A\Rightarrow \frac{d^2F_B}{dt^2}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{dF_A}{dt}$

So eliminating $F_A$ and $\frac{dF_A}{dt}$ we get

$\frac{d^2F_B}{dt^2}-2\frac{dF_B}{dt}-F_B+N=0$

Are my deductions correct. How to proceed further now

Answer given is $1$ time unit and $0.66$ time units

Best Answer

As per what Gonçalo said I followed his advice.

Let $N$ be the amount of food in the beginning.

$$\frac{dF_A}{dt}=2\{N-(F_A+F_B)\}$$

$$\frac{dF_B}{dt}=\frac{1}{2}F_A\Rightarrow \frac{d^2F_B}{dt^2}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{dF_A}{dt}$$

So eliminating $F_A$ and $\frac{dF_A}{dt}$ we get

$$\frac{d^2F_B}{dt^2}+2\frac{dF_B}{dt}+F_B=N$$

$$e^t\frac{d^2F_B}{dt^2}+2e^t\frac{dF_B}{dt}+e^tF_B=Ne^t$$

$$\frac{d^2(e^tF_B)}{dt^2}=Ne^t$$

Integrating twice

$$e^tF_B=Ne^t+Ct+D$$

$$F_B=N+(Ct+D)e^{-t}$$

Clearly $F_B(0)=0$ and $F'_B(0)=0$

so we have $$F_B=N-(1+t)Ne^{-t}$$

and $$F_A=2Nte^{-t}$$

When the food is finished we have $$F_A+F_B=N$$

Substituting for $F_A$ and $F_B$ in above equation we get $t=1$

To find the time after which the rates of consumption are equal we obviously put

$$F'_A=F'_B$$ to obtain $$t=\frac{2}{3}$$

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