Quick Confusion Regarding Expectation of Sample Variance in Poisson Distribution

expected valuepoisson distributionvariance

Could somebody please quickly clear up a confusion of mine regarding the following?

Let there be a random sample from the Poisson distribution with parameter $\lambda$ as well as an an unbiased estimator of $\lambda$, $\tilde{\lambda}=S^2$. How is $\tilde{\lambda}$ unbiased?

More specifically, knowing that $\lambda=\mathbb{E}X=var X$, how is the expectation of the variance equivalent to the variance?

Thanks a bunch and apologies in advance if this seems trivial.

Best Answer

how is the expectation of the variance equivalent to the variance?

Not exactly. The expectation of the sample variance is equal to the population variance

$$\mathbb{E}[S^2]=\mathbb{E}\left[\frac{1}{n-1} \Sigma_i(X_i-\overline{X}_n)^2 \right]=\frac{1}{n-1}\mathbb{E}\left[ \Sigma_i(X_i-\mu)^2-n(\overline{X}_n-\mu)^2 \right]=$$

$$=\frac{1}{n-1}\left[ \Sigma_i\mathbb{E}(X_i-\mu)^2-n\mathbb{E}(\overline{X}_n-\mu)^2 \right]=\frac{1}{n-1}\left[n\sigma^2-n\mathbb{V}[\overline{X}_n]\right]=$$

$$=\frac{1}{n-1}\left[n\sigma^2-n\frac{\sigma^2}{n}\right]=\sigma^2=\lambda$$

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