[Math] Where does this trigonometric substitution go wrong

calculusintegration

$$I =\int\frac{1}{\sqrt{25-x^2}}dx$$
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($\theta$ on left corner)
$$\tag 1 5\cos(\theta)=x$$
$$\tag 2 5\sin(\theta)=\sqrt{25-x^2}$$
$$\tag 1 -5\sin(\theta)\,d\theta=dx$$
$$I=\int\frac{1}{5\sin(\theta)} \cdot (-5) \sin(\theta) \, d\theta$$
$$I=\int-d\theta$$
$$\tag 1 \theta=\arccos(x/5)$$
$$I = -\arccos\left(\frac{x}{5}\right)+c$$
However, putting this integral into WA gives $\arcsin\left(\frac{x}{5}\right)+c$ and two are clearly not equivalent.

Best Answer

Your answer and WA's are equivalent.

$\arccos \dfrac x5 + \arcsin \dfrac x5 = \dfrac {\pi}2$, so $\arcsin \dfrac x5 = \dfrac {\pi} 2 - \arccos \dfrac x5$,

so $\arcsin \dfrac x5 + C_1 = -\arccos \dfrac x5 + C_2$, where $C_1-C_2=\dfrac\pi2$.

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