Often it means "much greater than", and you can interpret by setting $\frac{5}{x}\approx0$. This is done by computing the Taylor expansion in powers of $\frac{1}{x}$ (i.e. "around infinity") and dropping higher order terms. If you had $x\ll5$, then you would instead compute the Taylor expansion in $x$, and drop the higher order terms.
As an example consider, in the context of special relativity, the formula for the total energy:
$$E_\mathrm{tot}=\frac{mc^2}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}$$
We want to show that it approaches the formula for the energy in classical mechanics in the limit of small velocity, i.e. $v\ll c$. We can do this by computing the Taylor expansion of $E_\mathrm{tot}$ in $v$ around $v=0$. Doing this we obtain:
$$E_\mathrm{tot}=mc^2+\frac{1}{2}mv^2+O(v^3)$$
which is what we expected.
Best Answer
It is the binomial coefficient. There are 3 ways to write it in China:
In mainland, we prefer $$C_n^r=\frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}.$$
In Hong Kong, we prefer $$nCr=C_r^n=\frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}.$$
All are acceptable.