[Math] What are the equivalence classes for the relation “congruence modulo 5?”

equivalence-relations

I'm still a little mixed up on equivalence classes, so I'm trying to make some connections. I need to be specific of how many there are and what is in each.

Here's what I have:

Let $\mathscr R$ be the relation "congruence modulo $5$" on a set $A$, and let $a ∈ A$.
Then $[a] = \{ x\in \mathbb Z : 5\mid(x-a)\}$.

From my understanding, there are infinitely many equivalence classes:
$[0] = \{\dotsc, -5, 0, 5, 10, 15,\dotsc\}$
$[1] = \{\dotsc, -4, 1, 6, \dotsc\}$

$[5] = \{\dotsc, -5, 0, 5, 10, 15\dotsc\}$

Am I correct? How can I describe exactly what these classes contain using relations?

Best Answer

There would be 5 distinct equivalence classes for congruence modulo 5.These would be [0],[1],[2],[3],[4]. Notice how these classes together will cover all the integers. This is because the congruence class for

...[0]=[5]=[10]=...

...[1]=[6]=[11]=...

...[2]=[7]=[12]=...

...[3]=[8]=[13]=...

...[4]=[9]=[14]=...