Let $A_i$ be open subsets of $\Omega$. Then $A_0 \cap A_1$ and $A_0 \cup A_1$ are open sets as well.
Thereby follows, that also $\bigcap_{i=1}^N A_i$ and $\bigcup_{i=1}^N A_i$ are open sets.
My question is, does thereby follow that $\bigcap_{i \in \mathbb{N}} A_i$ and $\bigcup_{i \in \mathbb{N}} A_i$ are open sets as well?
And what about $\bigcap_{i \in I} A_i$ and $\bigcup_{i \in I} A_i$ for uncountabe $I$?
Best Answer
The union of any collection of open sets is open. Let $x \in \bigcup_{i \in I} A_i$, with $\{A_i\}_{i\in I}$ a collection of open sets. Then, $x$ is an interior point of some $A_k$ and there is an open ball with center $x$ contained in $A_k$, therefore contained in $\bigcup_{i \in I} A_i$, so this union is open. Others have given a counterexample for the infinite intersection of open sets, which isn't necessarily open. By de Morgan's laws, the intersection of any collection of closed sets is closed (try to prove this), but consider the union of $\{x\}_{x\in (0,1)}$, which is $(0,1)$, not closed. The union of an infinite collection of closed sets isn't necessarily closed.