Trigonometry Olympiad Problem – Evaluate $1\sin 2^{\circ} +2\sin 4^{\circ} + 3\sin 6^{\circ}+\cdots+ 90\sin180^{\circ}$

closed-formsequences-and-seriestrigonometry

Find the value of
$$1\sin 2^{\circ} +2\sin 4^{\circ} + 3\sin 6^{\circ}+\cdots+ 90\sin180^{\circ}$$

My attempt

I converted the $\sin$ functions which have arguments greater than $90^\circ$ to $\cos$ but I have gone no where with it!

I also tried using double angle formula for the angles which are even.

Best Answer

An approach. One may write $$ \begin{align} \sum_{k=1}^nk\sin(ka)&=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{d}{da}(-\cos(ka)) \\\\&=-\frac{d}{da}\sum_{k=0}^n\cos(ka) \\\\&=-\frac{d}{da}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\sin\left[(n+\frac12)a\right]}{2\sin \frac a2} \right) \\\\&=\frac{(n+1) \sin(na)-n \sin((n+1)a)}{4\sin^2 \frac a2} \end{align} $$ then one may take $a:=2^{\circ}, \, n:=90$.

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